JCR-UK

the former

Brynmawr Hebrew Congregation

and Jewish Community

Brynmawr, Blaneau Gwent, South Wales

 

 

    


JCR-UK is a genealogical and historical website covering all Jewish communities and
congregations throughout the British Isles and Gibraltar, both past and present.

Town of Brynmawr

Brynmawr (Welsh: Bryn-mawr - "big hill"), with a population of nearly 6,000, sometimes cited as the highest town in Wales, is situated at 1,250 to 1,500 feet above sea level, at the head of the South Wales Valleys. It is situated approximately 34 miles north of Cardiff and 12 miles east of Merthyr Tydfil.

Until 1974, Brynmawr formed the urban district of Brynmawr in the county of Brecknockshire (aka Breconshire). From 1974 until 1996, it was part of the district of Blaenau Gwent in the new county of Gwent. In 1996, Gwent ceased being an administrative county, and the district became the county borough of Blaenau Gwent - a unitary authority (within the ceremonial, or preserved, county of Gwent).

The Jewish Community

The Jewish community and congregation dates back to the 1880s and continued to function into the 1960s. The Jewish community, being the most northernly of the Jewish communities of south Wales, was one of very few in South Wales that had its own cemetery.

Population figures: It had been claimed that, in the 1910s, the Jewish population, though small, constituting the third largest (other sources state the largest) proportion of Jews in any town in Britain.(ii) However, Harold Pollins, in his history of the community, was sceptical of this claim on the basis that many of the congregation's members actually lived outside the town.(iii)

Congregation Data

Name:

Brynmawr Hebrew Congregation

Address:

46 Bailey Street, Brynmawr, NP23 4AH,(iv) situated next to the Brynmawr Fire Station (part of the street was actually known locally as Jew Street or Jews' Row). The newly built synagogue, designed by local architect, W.S. Williams,(v) which had accommodation for 86 congregants, was opened by Mr. O. E. d'Avigdor Goldsmid and consecrated by the Chief Rabbi on 20 June 1901. (See two articles on the opening and consecration of the synagogue from The Jewish Chronicle of 21 June 1901 and 28 June 1901.)

The congregation had previously held services at Heathcock (or Heathcote) House, Brynmawr, since at least 1893,(vi) and prior to then, since 1888, services were held in a house owned by Barnett Isaacs, which he had placed at the disposal of members of the congregation and defrayed the cost of adapting it for use as a synagogue.(vii)

Formation:

The congregation was formed in 1888.(viii)

Closure:

By 1962, the congregation had ceased holding services other than on high holy days,(xi) and by 1964, services were no longer held at all.(xii) By 1966, the congregation had been amalgamated into the Newport Hebrew Congregation(xiii) and all local [Jewish] residents belonged to that congregation.(xiv)  The synagogue building was sold in 1966(xv) and converted into a private house.(xvi)

Ritual:

Ashkenazi Orthodox

Affiliation:

The congregation was an unaffiliated congregation under the aegis of the Chief Rabbi.

Rival Congregation:

During the period from 1909 to 1911, the community was rife with bitter arguments and disputes amongst its members and, as a result of which, a second congregation was briefly established in Brynmawr.(xvii)

In August 1910, The Jewish Chronicle carried a long, satirical, article, entitled "Brynmawring", a term which the writer defined, inter alia, as: "to Brynmawr" which "will mean a state of affairs in a Jewish place of worship where the members indulge in free fights during the service, where the most bitter hatred is nursed by member against member, where wrangles are carried out in the public courts of justice, where the House of God is turned into a cockpit."(xviii)

Ministers and Readers: (To view a short profile of a minister whose name appears in blue - hold the cursor over the name.)

Rev. Aaron David Rosowski - visiting reader (from Tredegar) in 1889.(xx)

Rev. Tobias Spivack - reader from at least 1891 until 1892.(xxi)

Rev. Isaac Sunlight - reader and shochet from 1892 until about 1893.(xxii)

Rev. Pinchas Zevulun Schulman - reader and shochet from 1893 until 1895.(xxiii)

Rev. Solomon Wolman - reader and shochet from at least 1896 until about 1899.(xxiv)

Rev. Getzel Bloch - reader and shochet from about 1899 until about 1911 and shochet and teacher from 1923 to 1924.(xxv)

Rev. Jacob B. Levy - visiting minister (from Newport) in 1901.(xxvi)

Rev. Benjamin N. Michelson - visiting minister (from Newport) in 1901/2.(xxvi)

Rev. Aaron Solomon - reader unknown date until 1915.(xxvii)

Rev. Hyman Goldwater - reader and shochet from about 1915 until about 1924.(xxviii)

Rev. Reuben Rabinowitz - minister from about 1924 until about 1926.(xxix)

Rev. Isaac Chaitowitz - minister in and about 1926.(xxx)

Rev. Judah Levinson - minister from about 1929 until about 1931.(xxxi)

Rev. Boruchas M. Starr - minister from about 1931 until, possibly, about 1946.(xxxii)

Lay Officers of the Congregation:

Unless otherwise stated, all data on lay officers has been extracted from listings in Jewish Year Book (first published 1896/7).(xxxvi)

Presidents

1889-1890s - Barnet Isaacs(xxxvii)

late 1890s - Aaron D. Rosowski(xxxviii)

1898-1913 - Barnet Isaacs(xxxix)

1913-1914 - Aaron D. Roskin(xl)

1914 - Barney Jackson(xliii)

1915-1917 - Ben Cohen(xliv)

1917-1936 - Jacob Morris(xlv)

1936-1947 - S. Solomon(xlvi)

1949-1953 - Jacob Morris

1953-1956 - M. Cohen(xlvii)

from 1956 - no data

Vice Presidents

1950-1953 - H. Solomon

1953-1956 - J.H. Lyons(xlviii)

from 1956 - no data

Treasurers

1889-1890s - Isaac Isaacs(l)

1898-1899 - Goodman Weiner

1899-1901 - Isaac Brest(li)

1901-1902 - Isaac Isaacs

1902-1904 - Aaron D. Roskin

1904-1905 - Isaac Isaacs

1905-1914 - Moses Samson

1914-1916 - Jacob Morris(lii)

1916-1919 - Mr Myers (from Nantyglo)(liii)

1919-1923 - Moses Samson

1923-1926 - E. Marks(liv)

1926-1927 - Abraham Brest

1927-1934 - S. Solomon

1934-1940 - Abraham Brest(lvii)

1940-1945 - no data

1945-1947 - J.M. Peck(lviii)

1947-1950 - J.H. Lyons(lix)

1950-1953 - E. Marks

1953-1956 - J. Cammerman(lx)

from 1956 - no data

Secretaries and Hon. Secretaries

1900-1902 - Hermann H. Roskin

1904-1905 - A. Shane

1905-1906 - Isaac Goldfoot

1906-1908 - Abraham Brest

1908-1914 - Isaac Goldfoot(lxiii)

1914-1915 - Arthur Cohen

1915-1919 - Isaac Goldfoot

1919-1927 - Gershon J. Ballin(lxiv)

1927-1934 - Gershon J. Ballin & H. Solomon(lxv)

1934-1935 - Abraham Brest & H. Solomon

1935-1969 - Abraham Brest(lxvi)

Membership Data:

Members of the Brynmawr community often included Jewish families and individuals living in the nearby towns and villages such as Abersychan, Beaufort, Blaina, Blaenavon, Nantyglo, Abergavenny and even Ebbw Vale.(lxix)

Number of Seatholders or Members 

1897 - 23 seatholders.(lxx)

1900 - about 50 seatholders.(lxxi)

1949 - 33 members, of whom only 17 were Brynmawr residents.(lxxii)

1952 - 18 members.(lxxii)

 

Online Articles, Videos and Other Material
relating to the Brynmawr Jewish Community

on JCR-UK

 on Third Party Websites

  • YouTube video on the Jews of Brynmawr narrated by Oliver Wood, who explores the history of the Jewish community that once lived in Brynmawr and elsewhere in Blaenau Gwent, first published on 1 March 2012.

 


BRYNMAWR JEWISH CEMETERY

The Jewish cemetery in Brynmawr is located at Brynmawr New Cemetery, Jewish Section, Cemetery Road, Brynmawr, NP23 4TU.  The plot measured just over 2 acres. It was acquired in 1919 through the generosity of Abel Myers, who provided the requisite funds (it cost £206) in memory of his late parents, Mr & Mrs Nathan Myers of Abersychan.(lxxiv) Although the first interment took place in June 1920,(lxxv) the cemetery was not consecrated until 19 August 1920.(lxxvi) Prior to the opening of the cemetery, the community used the Jewish cemetery in Merthyr Tydfill.(lxxvi)

The cemetery was governed by the Brynmawr and District Jewish Burial Board, a joint board, including Chevra Kadisha, with representatives from the other local Jewish communities formed in 1920. The first Board included residents from Brynmawr, Abersychan, Ebbw Vale, Llanhilleth and Tredegar.(lxxviii) A. Myers was appointed hon. president. The chairman (later president) was John Morris until 1954, and then S. Cammerman. The hon. secretary was Gershon Joel Ballin (1920-1934), David Morris (1934-c.1945), Sim Robinson (c.1945-c.1954) and J.H. Lyons (from c.1954).(lxxix)

(For additional information, see also IAJGS International Jewish Cemeteries Project - Brynmawr)

 

Other Brynmawr Jewish Institutions & Organisations

Educational & Theological

  • Hebrew School, on the synagogue's premises (founded by 1894).(lxxxiii)
    Number of pupils:(lxxxiv) Year 1897 1898 1900 1905
      boys 9 11 12 20
      girls  4 4 4 10
      total 13 15 16 30

Other Institutions

  • Brynmawr and Abertillery Zionist Association, founded 1900 as a branch of English Zionist Association.(lxxxv)

  • Choverei Zion Society, founded 1901.(lxxxvi)

  • Literary and Social Society, founded 1902.(lxxxvii)

  • West Monmouthshire and Breconshire Jewish Orphan Aid Society, founded by 1903.(lxxxviii)

  • Brecon & Monmouthshire Ahm Israel Branch of the Jewish Territorial Organisation (the ITO) founded by 1906.(lxxxix)

  • Brynmawr JNF Commissioner, founded by 1927.(xc)

 

Records:

Marriage Records:

Held by The Board of Deputies: Ref: 50/2a/1.

Registration District (BMD)::

Blaenau Gwent, since 1 April 1974 - Link to Register Office website

  • Previous Registration District:
    Crickhowell from 1 July 1837 to 1 April 1974.

  • All records would now be held by the current office.

 

Brynmawr Jewish Population Data,
Harold Pollins's The Jewish Community of Brynmawr, Wales, 2008, page 12,
includes a table of the Jewish Population of Brynmawr and district
1841 to 1901 derived from his research of census evidence.

Year

Number

Source

1896

c.12 families

The Jewish Year Book 1896/7

1897

c.18 families

The Jewish Year Book 1897/8

1900

c.30 families

The Jewish Year Book 1900/1

1911

125

The Jewish Chronicle of 25 August 1911

1945

49

The Jewish Year Book 1945/6

1953

30

The Jewish Year Book 1954

1958

28

The Jewish Year Book 1959

1960

21

The Jewish Year Book 1961

1964

17

The Jewish Year Book 1965

1966

10

The Jewish Year Book 1967

1968

16

The Jewish Year Book 1969

1973

3 families

The Jewish Year Book 1974

 

Notes & Sources
(↵ returns to text above)

  • (i) Reserved.

  • (ii) The Jewish Chronicle of 25 August 1911 stated that Brynmawr's Jewish population of 135, out of a total population of 6,334 (2.06%), constituted the 3rd largest proportion of any town in the UK, only Leeds and Manchester being higher. However in Michael Wallach's article, "How 'Greeners' Came to the Valley" ("Wallach's Greeners"), which appeared in the Jewish Chronicle Colour Magazine in 1975, he states that "Brynmawr, according to the statistical unit of the Board of Deputies, at one time had the largest concentration of Jews in proportion to [its population, in] the British Isles". Geoffrey Alderman's 1975 article, Into the Vortex: South Wales Jewry Before 1914, states that "In 1914 the 135 Jews of Brynmawr represented 2.6 per cent of the town's population". ↵

  • (iii) In Harold Pollins's The Jewish Community of Brynmawr, Wales, 2008, ("Pollins History"), p.11, Pollins points out that members of the Brynmawr community included at the time a large number of Jewish families and individuals living in the nearby villages and townns of Blaina, Beaufort, Blaenavon, Abersychan and Abergavenny. Accordingly, he was therefore sceptical of the claim that Brynmawr represented the largest (or third largest) concentration, in proportion to population, in the UK. ↵

  • (iv) This was the address listed in Jewish Year Books from 1901/2. The street number and post code are provided by Sharman Kadish's Jewish Heritage in Britain and Ireland, 2015 ("Kadish''s Jewish Heritage"), p.254. ↵

  • (v) The Jewish Chronicle article of 21 June 1901. To view additional information about the architect, hold your cursor over W.S. Williams's name. ↵

  • (vi) Pollins History, pp.12/13. This was also the address listed in Jewish Year Books from 1897/8 through 1900/1, . ↵

  • (vii) The Jewish Chronicle report of 4 October 1889. The Jewish Chronicle report (on the opening of the new synagogue) of 21 June 1901 stated that the congregation "up to the present has worshipped in a room in a private house." Could it be that Heathcock House and the house provided by B. Isaacs could be the same? ↵

  • (viii) The Jewish Chronicle report of 4 October 1889 states the community was formed "the previous year". (Both Jewish Year Books from 1897/8, which gave 1889 as the date the congregation was founded, and The Jewish Chronicle article of 21 June 1901, which stated that "[t]he congregation has only been in existence for nine years", would appear to be a little off the mark.) ↵

  • (ix) and (x) Reserved.

  • (xi) Jewish Year Book 1963. ↵

  • (xii) Jewish Year Book 1965. ↵

  • (xiii) Report in The Jewish Chronicle of 14 January 1966, confirmed by a note in Jewish Year Books from 1972. ↵

  • (xiv) Jewish Year Book 1967. ↵

  • (xv) Report in The Jewish Chronicle of 26 August 1966. ↵

  • (xvi) Kadish's Jewish Heritage, p.254. ↵

  • (xvii) Pollins History, pp.19/22, cover the disputes in some detail. ↵

  • (xviii) Report in The Jewish Chronicle of 26 August 1910. ↵

  • (xix) Reserved.

  • (xx) Referred to (as Rev. Resovski) as conducting the congregation's services in The Jewish Chronicle reports of 4 October 1889 and 11 October 1889. He was later listed in Jewish Year Books (under the names Mr. A.D. Razooski and Mr. A.D. Roskin) as an officer (in various capacities) of the congregation. ↵

  • (xxi) Pollins History p.10. Rev. Spivak appears in the 1891 Census as a Russian-born, resident minister, aged 24. ↵

  • (xxii) The Jewish Chronicle of 25 March 1892 reported that Rev. Sunshine had been elected reader and shochet of the congregation and in a report of 31 March 1893 he was referred to as "late of Brynmawr". ↵

  • (xxiii) The Jewish Chronicle of 21 April 1893 reported Rev. Schulman's appointment and on 15 February 1895 it reported his need to give up his post. ↵

  • (xxiv) Rev. Wolman (various spellings) was listed as reader of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1896/7 through 1899/1900. He was referred to (as Woolman) as the local minister/officiant in two Jewish Chronicle press reports in 1896. ↵

  • (xxv) The earliest reference to Rev. Bloch in Brynmawr is The Jewish Chronicle report of 3 November 1899. He was listed as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1900 through 1915, although it appears he left the congregation in about 1911 (Pollins History p.23), but may have remained in the town. The Jewish Chronicle of 23 September 1923 reported his reappointment as shochet and teacher until his farewell, reported by The Jewish Chronicle report of 13 June 1924. ↵

  • (xxvi) The Jewish Chronicle articles of 21 June 1901 and 29 June 1901 name Rev. Levy as condducting the service on the opening of the new synagogue in 1901. However, Pollins History, p.8 refers to Rev. Michaelson (aka Michelson) as being appointed visiting minister in 1901, although he is not named in two of the sources given. ↵

  • (xxvii) The Jewish Chronicle of 15 January 1915 reported on Rev A. Solomon of Brynmawr's move to Leicester. He was not listed in Jewish Year Books with regard to this congregation. ↵

  • (xxviii) The Jewish Chronicle of 21 May 1915 reported the appointment of Rev. Goldwaters as reader of the congregation. and he was listed as reader and shochet of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1916 to 1924. Reports in The Jewish Chronicle of 16 November 1917, 9 January 1920 and 1922 also placed him in Brynmawr. ↵

  • (xxix) Rev. R. Rabinowitz was listed as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1925 and 1926. ↵

  • (xxx) Although Rev. Chaitowitz (later Chait) was listed as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1927 through 1929, by 1926 he had already moved to Pontyprydd. ↵

  • (xxxi) Based upon Rev. Levinson listing as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1930 and 1931. ↵

  • (xxxii) Based upon Rev. Starr's listing as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1932 through 1947 (except for war years 1940-45, when not published. ↵

  • (xxxiii) to (xxxv) Reserved.

  • (xxxvi) Where a person was first listed in a year book as holding a particular office, it has been assumed that his term of office commenced in the year of publication of the relevant year book and that he continued in office until the commencement of office of his successor, unless the office was shown as vacant. Initially year books corresponded to the Hebrew year, and thus ran roughly from autumn of one year - the year of publication - until autumn of the next year. From 1909, year books were published according to the Gregorian year, being published generally towards the end of the year prior to the year appearing in the title of the year book. For example, if an officer is listed in Jewish Year Books 1919 through 1924, it is assumed that he commenced office in 1918 and continued in office until 1924. However, it should be noted that this is only an assumption and, accordingly, his actual years of office may differ somewhat from those shown here. Jewish Year Books were not published during World War II subsequent to 1940. ↵

  • (xxxvii) B. Isaacs was named as president (almost certainly, the first president of the congregation) in The Jewish Chronicle report of 4 October 1889. He was also referred to as president is a number of other press reports of the late 1890s and 1900s and in Jewish Year Book listings. ↵

  • (xxxviii) Listed (as A.D. Razooski) as president in Jewish Year Books 1897/8 through 1899/1900. However, based upon reports in The Jewish Chronicle B. Isaacs was already elected president by November 1898. He was later known as A.D. Roskin and was listed under this name as an officer of the congregation. ↵

  • (xxxix) B. Isaacs was named as president in The Jewish Chronicle reports of 4 November 1898 and 11 November 1899. He was also listed as president in Jewish Year Book 1900/01 through 1913. ↵

  • (xl) Previously known as A.D. Razooski, A.D. Rosen was listed as president of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1914 and 1915. However, according to a press report, B. Jackson was president in 1914. ↵

  • (xli) and (xlii) Reserved.

  • (xliii) B. Jackson was referred to as president of the congregation in a report in The Brecon & Radnor Express of 28 May 1914. He is not listed in the Jewish Year Book. ↵

  • (xliv) B. Cohen was listed as president in Jewish Year Books 1916 and 1917 and his re-election as president was reported in The Jewish Chronicle of 10 March 1916. ↵

  • (xlv) J. Morris was listed as president in Jewish Year Books 1918 through 1936. His position as president was referred to in The Jewish Chronicle reports of 18 June 1920, 14 March 1924 and 7 September 1934. ↵

  • (xlvi) S. Solomon was listed as president in Jewish Year Books 1937 through 1940 and from 1945/6 through 1948. Publication ceased during the war years 1940-1945, but as S. Solomon served both prior to and after the cessation of publication, it is presumed that he also served during the intervening years. Reports in The Jewish Chronicle of 14 December 1945 and 27 June 1947 confirm his election as president in those years. ↵

  • (xlvii) The Jewish Chronicle of 13 February 1953 reported M. Cohen's election as president of the congregation and he was listed as president in Jewish Year Books 1954 through 1956. ↵

  • (xlviii) The Jewish Chronicle of 13 February 1953 reported the election of J.H. Lyons as vice president. He is listed, as J.N. Lyons(sic), as vice president in Jewish Year Books 1954 through 1956. ↵

  • (xlix) Reserved.

  • (l) I. Isaacs was named as treasurer (almost certainly, the first treasurer of the congregation) in The Jewish Chronicle report of 4 October 1889 and was listed as treasurer in the first Jewish Year Book to list officers of the congregation (1897/8). ↵

  • (li) The Jewish Chronicle of 10 November 1899 refers to I. Brest as treasurer of the congregation. However, he was listed as treasurer in the Jewish Year Book 1900/1. ↵

  • (lii) Brecon & Radnor Express report of 28 May 1914 referred to J. Morris as treasurer of the congregation. He was listed as treasurer in Jewish Year Books 1915 and 1916. ↵

  • (liii) The Jewish Chronicle of 10 March 1916 reported the election of Mr Myers (Nantyglo) as treasurer of the congregation. Mr Myers was listed as treasurer in Jewish Year Books 1917 through 1919. However, The Jewish Chronicle of 10 January 1919 referred to Ben Cohen then leaving the community having "been president and treasurer for 4 years." ↵

  • (liv) The Jewish Chronicle of 9 November 1923 reported E. Marks's election as treasurer of the congregation. He was listed as treasurer in Jewish Year Books 1924 through 1926. ↵

  • (lv) and (lvi) Reserved.

  • (lvii) Although A. Brest was listed as treasurer in Jewish Year Books 1936 through 1940, The Jewish Chronicle of 7 September 1934 reported his election as treasurer of the congregation already in 1934. ↵

  • (lviii) Although J.M. Peck was listed as treasurer only in Jewish Year Book 1947, The Jewish Chronicle of 14 December 1945 reported his election as treasurer of the congregation already in 1945. ↵

  • (lix) The Jewish Chronicle of 27 June 1947 reported the election of J.H. Lyons as treasurer of the congregation. He was listed as treasurer in Jewish Year Books 1948 through 1950. ↵

  • (lx) The Jewish Chronicle of 13 February 1953 reported the election of J. Cammerman as treasurer of the congregation. He was listed as treasurer in Jewish Year Books 1954 through 1956. ↵

  • (lxi) and (lxii) Reserved.

  • (lxiii) Although I. Goldfoot was listed as hon. secretary in Jewish Year Books 1909 through 1913, an advertisement in The Jewish Chronicle of 10 March 1911 referred to a Mr. L. Levy as hon. secretary of the congregation. ↵

  • (lxiv) G.J. Ballin was listed as hon. secretary in Jewish Year Books 1920 through 1927 and The Jewish Chronicle of 18 June 1920 referred to him as hon. secretary of the congregation. ↵

  • (lxv) G.J. Ballin died in April 1934 (The Jewish Chronicle of 27 April 1934). ↵

  • (lxvi) A. Brest was listed as hon. secretary in Jewish Year Books 1936 through 1940 and from 1945/6 through 1969. Publication ceased during the war years 1940-1945, but as A. Brest served both prior to and after the cessation of publication, it is presumed that he also served during the intervening years. Reports in The Jewish Chronicle of 7 September 1934, 14 December 1945, 27 June 1947 and 13 February 1953 confirm his election  as hon. secretary in those years. ↵

  • (lxvii) and (lxviii) Reserved.

  • (lxix) Pollins History, pp.10/13. ↵

  • (lxx) Jewish Year Book 1897/8. ↵

  • (lxxi) Jewish Year Book 1900/1. ↵

  • (lxxii) Pollins History, p.27, from lists of members. ↵

  • (lxxiii) Reserved.

  • (lxxiv) The Jewish Chronicle reports of 7 November 1919 and 9 January 1920 and Pollins History, p.18. ↵

  • (lxxv) The Jewish Chronicle report of 18 June 1920. ↵

  • (lxxvi) The Jewish Chronicle report of 13 August 1920. ↵

  • (lxxvii) Pollins History, p.8. ↵

  • (lxxviii) The Jewish Chronicle reports of 14 November 1919 and 13 August 1920. ↵

  • (lxxix) The Jewish Chronicle reports of 13 August 1920, 27 April 1934, 22 June 1934, 14 December 1945 and 17 December 1954 together with Jewish Year Book listings ↵

  • (lxxx) to (lxxxii) Reserved.

  • (lxxxiii) There is a note in Jewish Year Books from 1897/8 that this was established in 1895. However, the Chief Rabbi in his pastoral tour examined children at the school the previous year (Pollins History, p. 12). ↵

  • (lxxxiv) Extracted from the relevant Jewish Year Books. ↵

  • (lxxxv) The Jewish Chronicle reports of 2 January 1900 and 18 September 1903. ↵

  • (lxxxvi) The Jewish Chronicle report of 10 May 1901. ↵

  • (lxxxvii) Note in Jewish Year Book 1903/4 and The Jewish Chronicle report of 23 January 1903. ↵

  • (lxxxviii) The Jewish Chronicle report of 6 November 1903. ↵

  • (lxxxix) The Jewish Chronicle report of 31 August 1906. ↵

  • (xc) First listed in Jewish Year Book 1928. ↵

Former Jewish Communities in the county borough of Blaenau Gwent home page

Jewish Congregations in the former county of Brecknockshire

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Jewish Communities & Congregations in Wales home page
(including online articles)


Page created: 25 May 2003
Data significantly expanded and notes added: 29 October 2024
Page most recently amended: 13 November 2024

Research by David Shulman and Harold Pollins, assisted by Steven Jaffe
Formatting by David Shulman

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