Tayside and Fife Jewish Community

formerly

Dundee Hebrew Congregation

Dundee, Scotland

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City of Dundee

The city of Dundee is the fourth largest in Scotland with a population of over 150,000. It is situated on the north bank of the Firth of Tay on Scotland's east coast. Although traditionally within the county of Angus (which was also known as Forfarshire), from 1975 to 1996, Dundee was a district (and the administrative centre) of the now defunct Tayside Region. Since 1966, the City of Dundee has constituted a self-contained unitary authority.

St Andrews is a university town with a population of about 17,000, situated 10 miles southeast of Dundee.

The Jewish Community

The Jewish community in Dundee dates from the 1840s, initially comprised mainly of German Jews attracted to the city by its textile industry, particularly the jute trade. These early residents appeared to be largely non-religious and, accordingly, it was not until the 1870s that a congregation was formed, primarily as a result of the influx of Jews from eastern Europe,⁽ⁱⁱ⁾ and a Jewish cemetery was acquired in 1888.⁽ⁱⁱⁱ⁾ At one time Dundee had the largest Jewish community in Scotland, outside Glasgow and Edinburgh.^(iv)

Congregation Data

Name:

Tayside and Fife Jewish Community
formerly Dundee Hebrew Congregation until about 2014.^(vii)

Formation, Early Addresses and Predecessor or Rival Congregations:

Informal service were first held in 1878 at the home of L. Fredinni in Hilltown.^(viii) This soon lead, in the same year, to the establishment of the Dundee Hebrew Congregation and the opening of a synagogue at 123 Murraygate, near the Dundee town centre, comprising no more than a couple of rented rooms with capacity for some 22 congregants.^(ix)

Within a short time, a split had developed in the community between the Jews of German origin and those of Eastern European origin (the "Litvaks"), with the latter establishing their own congregation at 7 Ward Road, Dundee, consisting of rented rooms within a block of warehouses and offices.^(x)

By 1882 the "Litvak" congregation had itself split into two rival congregations, the other being at the home of S. Fridman at 8 Bank Street, Dundee.^(xiii) It is uncertain as to when the Murraygate congregation ceased to exist, but it was probably sometime during the early 1880s.

Relations between the Ward Road and Bank Street congregations deteriorated to the extent that the parties went to court to litigate their dispute, but in 1883, a compromise was achieved and the two congregations agreed to reunite to form a single congregation, initially located at a private house at 50 Barrack Street, Dundee.^(xiv)

However, by 1884, it would appear that the congregation had returned to Ward Road.^(xv)

Addresses from 1895:

From at least 1895 until 1920^(xvi)

123 Murraygate, Dundee, re-numbered 62 Murraygate, Dundee, in about 1902.^(xvii)
This synagogue, consisting of rented rooms, had capacity for 100 congregants with a vestry room large enough to entertain the community.^(xx)

1920 until 1973^(xxi)

Meadow Street (now Meadow Lane), Dundee. This two story building, purchased by the community, was tucked away in a small alley.^(xxii) The congregation employed local architects, Bruce, Son & Morton, to redesign it for use as a synagogue. The new building housed a school room and a committee room on the ground floor, which was used for meetings and parties, and the synagogue on the upper floor. It could seat 126 male congregants, with a ladies section which seated 56 women. The opening ceremony in 1920 was performed by Maurice Bloch, a former president, and Rabbi Dr. Salis Daiches, then minister in Edinburgh, and the consecration performed by the congregation's minister, Rev. S. Bressloff.^(xxiv)
The building in Meadow Street was closed in 1973, being compulsorily purchased by the local council and demolished, as part of its plans to regenerate the Dundee city centre.^(xxv)

1973 until 1978

During this period, when the congregation was discussing and implementing plans for its new building and future activities, services were held at temporary premises, including the Lecture hall Number Two at Dundee University (Yom Kippur 1973), as well as various rooms borrowed or rented from the chaplaincy centre or a hotel in the University.^(xxvi)

1978 until 2019

9 St. Mary's Place, Dundee DD1 5RB. This was the first purpose-built synagogue in Scotland, outside Glasgow and Edinburgh. Opened in the congregation's centennial year, the synagogue was provided by the local council as compensation for the compulsory acquisition of the previous synagogue. Designed by London-born Dundee architect, Ian Imlach, it was based upon an Iranian design with Ashkenazi features, and included a double ark, the only one in the UK. It held approximately seventy congregants.^(xxvii)
The synagogue closed on 7 June 2019.^(xxix)

From 2019

Since 2019, the congregation has been based in nearby St. Andrews, Fife,^(xxx) services currently being held in the University Chaplaincy at St Andrews University.^(xxxi)

Current Status:

Active but no longer holding regular services.

Affiliation and Ritual:

The congregation was an unaffiliated provincial Askenazi Orthodox congregation, originally under the aegis of the Chief Rabbi, it is now non-denominational, welcoming Jews from all backgrounds.^(xxxi)

Website:

https://www.scojec.org/communities/tfjc

Ministers: (To view a short profile of a minister whose name appears in blue - hold the cursor over the name.)

Rev. Simon Wulf Rosenzweig - minister from at least 1893 until about 1902.^(xxxiii)

Rev. Gabriel Zacutta - minister from 1902 until 1905.^(xxxiv)

Rev. Abraham Eidlin - minister from 1906 until about 1907.^(xxxv)

Rev. Mendel Marks Glaser - minister from 1907 possibly until about 1909.^(xxxvi)

Rev. S. Michaelson - minister in about 1909.^(xxxvii)

Rev. I. Levine - minister from about 1910 to about 1911.^(xl)

Rev. Morris Brown - minister or reader from 1911 until 1912.^(xli)

Rev. Solomon King - minister in about 1912.^(xlii)

Rev. J.M. Kahan - minister in about 1913.^(xliii)

Rev. Leib Aisak Falk - minister from 1913 until 1915.^(xliv)

Rev. Aaron Miller - minister from 1916 until about 1919.^(xlvii)

Rev. Seleg Bressloff - minister from 1919 until 1922.^(xlviii)

Rev. Max Franks - minister from 1922 until about 1936.^(xlix)

Rev. Michael Isaacs - minister from 1936 until about 1945.^(l)

Lay Officers of the Congregation:

Unless otherwise stated, all data on lay officers has been extracted from listings in Jewish Year Books, first published 1896/7.^(liv)

Presidents

1894 - J.H. Cree^(lv)

1896-1897 - David Cree

1897-1898 - Isaac Rosen

1898-1899 - Max Esterman

1899-1900 - Harris Esterman

1900-1901 - Nathan Cree

1901-1902 - Edward Samuels

1902-1903 - M. Aranson

1903-1904 - Isaac Rosen

1904-1905 - Henry Nathan

1905-1907 - B. Bloch

1907-1910 - Maurice Bloch^(lvi)

1910-1913 - Nathan Cree

1913-1919 - Isaac Rosen

1919-1925 - J. Rosenzweig

1925-1926 - J. Rothfield

1926-1931 - Nathan Cree

1931-1933 - F. Fredman

1933-1934 - H. Levinson

1934-1939 - S. Gillis

1939-1940 - I. Rosen

1940-1945 - no data

1945-1947 - H. Fineberg

1947-1948 - F. Fredman

1948-1956 - S. Gillis

from 1956 - no data

Treasurers

1896-1897 - Isaac Rosen

1897-1899 - Edward Samuels

1899-1900 - Nathan Cree

1900-1901 - Edward Samuels

1901-1902 - Adolph Symon

1902-1903 - Nathan Cree

1903-1904 - N. Phillips

1904-1905 - M. Phillips

1905-1908 - M. Rosen

1908-1909 - N. Phillips

1909-1910 - G. Feldman

1910-1911 - N. Rothman

1911-1913 - no data

1913-1914 - G. Feldman

1914-1919 - J. Rosenzweig

1919-1925 - M. Milos

1925-1926 - H. Milos

1926-1931 - Edward Feldman

1931-1940 - H. Milos

1940-1947 - no data

1947-1948 - I. Rosen

1948-1956 - A. Stern

from 1956 - no data

Chairman

1980-2001 - H. Gillis

Secretaries and Hon. Secretaries

1895-1898 - Nathan Cree^(lvii)

1898-1900 - Adolph Symon

1900-1902 - Maurice Bloch

1902-1903 - D. Hershberg

1903-1905 - J. Nathan

1905-1909 - Joseph Bloch

1909-1910 - Harry Fisher

1910-1912 - H. Rosen

1912-1920 - no data

1920-1923 - L. Jacobs, MA

1922-1924 - Isaac Rosen

1924-1926 - F. Fredman

1926-1928 - S. Manson

1929-1934 - S. Gillis

1934-1940 - H. Silver

1940-1945 - no data

1945-1946 - N. Levinson

1946-1947 - M. Rosen

1947-1953 - S. Gillis

1953-1971 - S.M. Gillis

1971-1974 - W. Koppel

1974-1980 - A. Jacobs

from 1980 - no data

Membership Data:

Data from Jewish Year Books^(lx)

Number of Seatholders

1896

1897

1899

1900

1903

1904

25

28

26

30

22

29

Number of Members

1911

1913

1919

1945

1954

1963

31

26

22

33 families

27 families

33^(lxi)

Reports & Surveys^(lxii)

1977 - 10 male (or household) members and 11 female members

1983 - 25 male (or household) members and 32 female members

1990 - 9 household members.

1996 - 3 members (comprising 1 household, 1 individual male and 1 individual female members)

2010 & 2016 - listed as having under 50 members (by household)

Charitable Status:

The congregation is a registered Scottish Charity (no. SC012108), initially registered on 14 April 1949 (as Dundee Hebrew Congregation, an unincorporated association) and re-constituted on 14 December 2012 as an SCIO (Scottish Charitable Incorporated Organisation).^(lxiii)

Online Articles, Videos and Other Material
relating to the Dundee Jewish Community

on JCR-UK

Dundee from "Provincial Jewry in Victorian Britain" - Short paper on the community in papers for a conference at University College, London, convened by the Jewish Historical Society of England, prepared by Aubrey Newman - 6th July 1975.
Bibliography - Scotland.

on Third Party Websites

Jute, Journalism, Jam and Jews: the Anomalous Survival of the Dundee Hebrew Congregation by Dr. Nathan Abrams.
Tayside and Fife Jewish Community on the Scottish Jewish Archives Centre website.

Notable Jewish Connections with Dundee

(compiled with the assitance of Steven Jaffe)

Sir Maurice Bloch (1883-1964), a Scottish distiller who was a leader of the Glasgow Jewry, a noted philanthropist and creator of the Bloch Trust charitable foundation, grew up in Dundee and served as president of the Dundee Hebrew Congregation before moving to Glasgow.
Dr Albert Jacob, b. 1932, was educated in Dundee and was a GP (family doctor) there. He is the author of The Day It Hit the Fan: Memoirs of a Reluctant Politician (2005). The book recounts his campaign against the twinning of Dundee with Nablus in the early 1980s, and subsequent antisemitic incidents in Dundee. Dr Jacob later made aliyah to Israel.
Isaac Julius Weinberg (1833-1912), German born, was proprietor of the textile firm Moore and Weinberg of Dundee and Belfast. He was a Governor of University College, Dundee, President of the Dundee Chamber of Commerce, a collector and donor of art for the city, a promoter of music, and a key supporter of day nurseries for the working women of Dundee. His portrait is part of the Dundee Art Galleries and Museums collection. Link to portrait.

DUNDEE JEWISH CEMETERY

The Dundee Jewish cemetery is at the Dundee Eastern Cemetery, Jewish Section, Arbroath Road, Dundee DD4 7JU.

Opened in 1888, with the first burial in 1889. The graves are arranged in three rows.
153 burial records at this cemetery are searchable in the JOWBR database (see above).
The Scottish Jewish Cemeteries website, created and maintained by Derek Tobias, includes a searchable database in respect of all burials at this cemetery.

In addition, the remains of members of a Jewish family of German origin were interred in vaults in Balgay Park. Balgay, Dundee.^(lxiv)

(For some additional information, also see IAJGS Cemetery Project - Dundee.)

Other Dundee Jewish Institutions & Organisations

Educational & Theological

Hebrew School - founded 1893^(lxx)
Number of Pupils:^(lxxi)

Year

1896

1898

1899

1900

1902

1905

1906

1909

1911

1914

Boys

20

20

18

22

6

12

15

20

20

Girls

  8

   6

  4

  2

  2

12

12

12

   3

Infants

  2

  4

  6

  5

4









Total

30

30

28

29

12

24

27

32

23

20

Welfare Institutions

Hebrew Benevolent Loan Society - founded 1895^(lxxii)
Hebrew Ladies Holy Vestment Society, also known as the Hebrew Ladies Society - founded by 1901^(lxxiii)
Refugee Committee - founded 1939^(lxxiv)
Jewish Welfare Society - founded by 1947^(lxxv)

Social and Zionist Societies

Dundee Dorshei Zion and Literary Society - founded by 1905^(lxxviii)
Dundee Zionist Society - founded by 1913^(lxxix)
Dundee Jewish Literary Society - founded by 1925^(lxxx)
Dundee JNF Commission - founded by 1927^(lxxxi)
Dundee WIZO - founded by 1955^(lxxxii)
Dundee University Jewish Society - founded by 1979^(lxxxiii)

Other Institutions

Hebrew Burial Committee (later known as the Jewish Burial Society or Chevra Kadisha) - founded in 1888, with the first burial at the Dundee Jewish cemetery.^(lxxxvi)
Trades Advisory Society - founded by 1948.^(lxxxvii)

Dundee Jewish Population Data
Year	Number	Source

1896	50	The Jewish Year Book 1896/7
1897	127	The Jewish Year Book 1997/8
1899	160	The Jewish Year Book 1899/1900
1902	110	The Jewish Year Book 1902/3
1904	142	The Jewish Year Book 1904/5
1905	149	The Jewish Year Book 1905/6
1906	152	The Jewish Year Book 1906/7
1913	142	The Jewish Year Book 1914
1914	120	The Jewish Year Book 1915
1919	100	The Jewish Year Book 1920
1945	35 families	The Jewish Year Book 1945/6
1949	117	The Jewish Year Book 1950
1950	100	The Jewish Year Book 1951
1954	89	The Jewish Year Book 1955
1963	84	The Jewish Year Book 1964
1965	20 families	The Jewish Year Book 1966
1987	12	The Jewish Year Book 1988
1990	22 families	The Jewish Year Book 1991
2001	58*	2001 Census for Scotland
2011	63*	2011 Census for Scotland
*Those who identified their religion as Jewish in the census.

Notes & Sources
(↵ returns to text above)

(i) Reserved.
(ii) Caledonian Jews - A Study of Seven Small Communities in Scotland (2009) by Nathan Abrams ("Caledonian Jews"), Chapter 3, pp.65-67 and Aronsfeld "German Jews in Dundee", p. 15. ↵
(iii) Caledonian Jews, p. 72. ↵
(iv) Caledonian Jews, p. 65. ↵
(v) and (vi) Reserved.
(vii) The new name was first listed in the last Jewish Year Book, 2015. ↵
(viii) "Jewish Services in Dundee", The Dundee Courier, 19 January 1878 - Caledonian Jews, p. 67. This appears to be the conclusive year for formation, although a number of sources give conflicting dates (Jewish Year Book - 1874; Dundee Courier 1920 - 1884). ↵
(ix) Caledonian Jews, p. 68. ↵
(x) Caledonian Jews, p. 70. ↵
(xi) and (xii) Reserved.
(xiii) Caledonian Jews, p. 70. ↵
(xiv) Caledonian Jews, p. 71. ↵
(xv) Listed in the Dundee Directory 1894-95 - Caledonian Jews, p. 71. ↵
(xvi) Caledonian Jews, p. 71, after mentioning the move back to Ward Road in 1884 refers the Chief Rabbi attending the synagogue's "dedication in 1892" without indicating the address of the synagogue. (Was it Ward Road or somewhere else?) On p. 73, there is reference to the opening of the new Murraygate synagogue in 1895.
Although the last listing of the shul in Murraygate was in the Jewish Year Book 1925, Caledonian Jews, p. 77, states that the new shul (Meadow Street) opened in 1920. ↵
(xvii) 132 Murraygate was listed as the address of the synagogue in the first Jewish Year Book -1895/6 (and the Jewish Chronicle of 6 September 1895 reported the opening of the shul at that address) and it remained the listed address until the 1905/6 edition when 62 Murraygate was first listed (until the 1925 edition). However, Caledonian Jews, p. 73, stated that by 1902, the synagogues address was 62 Murraygate (based upon Dundee Directory listings), adding that "it seems the numbering of the building, rather than its location, had changes." ↵
(xviii) and (xix) Reserved.
(xx) Caledonian Jews, p. 73, quoting the Jewish Chronicle of 6 September 1895, and p. 77. ↵
(xxi) Although Meadow Street was listed as the address of the synagogue in Jewish Year Books 1926 through 1974, Caledonian Jews, p. 77, states that the new synagogue opened in 1920. On p. 84, it states that it closed in 1973. ↵
(xxii) Caledonian Jews, p. 77. ↵
(xxiii) Reserved.
(xxiv) Caledonian Jews, pp. 77/8 and Dundee Courier 27 May 1920. ↵
(xxv) Caledonian Jews, p. 84. ↵
(xxvi) Caledonian Jews, p. 84. Jewish Year Books from 1975 through 1977 stated "synagogue being built". ↵
(xxvii) Caledonian Jews, pp. 84/5. ↵
(xxviii) reserved.
(xxix) Tayside and Fife Jewish community (formerly Dundee) on Scottish Jewish Archives Centre website. ↵
(xxx) Tayside and Fife Jewish community (formerly Dundee) on Scottish Jewish Archives Centre website. ↵
(xxxi) Tayside and Fife Jewish Community on Glasgow Jewish Representative Council website. ↵
(xxxii) Reserved.
(xxxiii) Caledonian Jews, p. 72 refers to Rev. Rosenzweig as the minister and shochet of the congregation, who in 1893 became head of the new Hebrew School. He was listed as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books from the first edition through 1901/2. ↵
(xxxiv) Caledonian Jews, p. 73 refers to Rev. Zacutto as the minister of the congregation in 1902, his successor serving from 1906 (p.77). He was listed as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1902/3 through 1905/6. ↵
(xxxv) Caledonian Jews, p. 77 refers to Rev. Eilden (or Eilder) as the minister of the congregation in 1906, followed in relatively quick succession by five other ministers in the period to 1920. Rev. Eidlin was listed as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1906/7 and 1907/8. ↵
(xxxvi) Caledonian Jews, p. 77 lists Rev. Glaser as the minister between Rev. Eilden and Rev. Michaelson. He was listed as minister of the congregation solely in the Jewish Year Book 1909, although some sources state that he served three and half years. ↵
(xxxvii) Rev. S. Michaelson was listed as minister of the congregation solely in the Jewish Year Book 1910. ↵
(xxxviii) and (xxxix) Reserved.
(xl) Listed as minister of the congregation in the Jewish Year Books 1911 (as Rev. M. Levine) and 1912 (as Rev. I. Levine). ↵
(xli) Jewish Chronicle obituary of 15 November 1957. Michael Jolles's Encyclopaedia of British Jewish Cantors, etc. ("Jolles's Encyclopaedia"), pp.339 refers to Rev. Brown being appointed in 1911 as "reader" of the Dundee congregation, "where he trained youth choirs, which participated in the Dundee Choir Festival", and was followed in 1912 by Rev. King of Waterford. He was not listed in Caledonian Jews nor Jewish Year Books with regard to this congregation. ↵
(xlii) Rev. S. King was listed as minister of the congregation in the Jewish Year Book 1913 and is also listed by Jolles's Encyclopaedia p.339 as following Rev. Brown and in Caledonian Jews p.77, as followed by Rev. J.M. Kahan. ↵
(xliii) Rev. J.M. Kahan was listed as minister of the congregation in Caledonian Jews p.77, following Rev. King and succeeded by Rev. Falk. He was not listed in Jewish Year Books nor Jolles's Encyclopaedia. ↵
(xliv) Rev. Falk was listed as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1914 and 1915. He was listed as minister of the congregation in Caledonian Jews p.77, following Rev. Kahan and succeeded by Rev. Miller. ↵
xlv) and (xlvi) Reserved.
(xlvii) Rev. Miller was listed as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1916 and 1919. He was listed as minister of the congregation in Caledonian Jews p.77, following Rev. Falk. ↵
(xlviii) Although Rev. Bressloff was listed as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1920 through 1925, Caledonian Jews p.78, confirmed that he (whom he refers to as Solomon Bressloff) had left by 1922. ↵
(xlix) Although Rev. Franks was listed as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1926 through 1936, Caledonian Jews p.78, refers to him serving from 1922 until 1937 (although it appears his successor began serving in 1936). ↵
(l) Rev. Isaacs was listed as minister of the congregation in Jewish Year Books 1937 through 1940 and in 1945/6 (publication ceased during the war years 1941-1945). Caledonian Jews p.78, refers to him serving from 1937 until 1944/5. ↵
(li) to (liii) Reserved.
(liv) Where a person was first listed in a year book as holding a particular office, it has been assumed that his term of office commenced in the year of publication of the relevant year book and that he continued in office until the commencement of office of his successor, unless the office was shown as vacant. Initially year books corresponded to the Hebrew year, and thus ran roughly from autumn of one year - the year of publication - until autumn of the next year. From 1909, year books were published according to the Gregorian year, being published generally towards the end of the year prior to the year appearing in the title of the year book. For example, if an officer is listed in Jewish Year Books 1919 through 1924, it is assumed that he commenced office in 1918 and continued in office until 1924. However, it should be noted that this is only an assumption and, accordingly, his actual years of office may differ somewhat from those shown here. Jewish Year Books were not published during World War II subsequent to 1940. There were no Jewish Year Book listings of officers (other than secretary) subsequent to 1956. ↵
(lv) Referred to in Caledonian Jews, p. 72. ↵
(lvi) Listed as president in Jewish Year Books 1907/8 to 1910. Caledonian Jews, p.78 notes that although he moved to Glasgow in 1910, he was asked to open the new synagogue in 1920 (jointly with Rabbi Salis Daiches). See also list of "Notables". ↵
(lvii) The Dundee Directory of 1896-97 Listed Nathan Cree as secretary of the congregation (Caledonian Jews, p.73) and he is listed as hon. secretary in Jewish Year Books 1896/7 and 1897/8. ↵
(lviii) and (lix) Reserved.
(lx) Data has been extracted from the Jewish Year Book following the year listed here. ↵
(lxi) The Jewish Chronicle of 29 November 1963 reported that there were only twenty-three paing members (Caledonian Jews, p.83). ↵
(lxii) Reports on synagogue membership in the United Kingdom, published by the Board of Deputies of British Jews and which can be viewed on the website of the Institute of Jewish Policy Research. Click HERE for links to the various reports. ↵
(lxiii) Website of the Office of Scottish Charity Regulator (OSCR), last accessed April 2025. Clicking the charity number will take you to the charity's registration on the website. ↵
(lxiv) Caledonian Jews, p. 72. ↵
(lxv) to (lxix) Reserved.
(lxx) Caledonian Jews, p. 72. ↵
(lxxi) Data has been extracted from the Jewish Year Book following the year listed here. ↵
(lxxii) Jewish Year Book 1896/7 ↵
(lxxiii) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1901/2 ↵
(lxxiv) Caledonian Jews, p. 80. ↵
(lxxv) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1947 ↵
(lxxvi) and (lxxvii) Reserved.
(lxxviii) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1905/6. ↵
(lxxix) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1914. ↵
(lxxx) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1926. ↵
(lxxxi) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1928. ↵
(lxxxii) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1956. ↵
(lxxxiii) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1980. ↵
(lxxxiv) and (lxxxv) Reserved.
(lxxxvi) Caledonian Jews, p. 72. ↵
(lxxxvii) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1949. ↵

Jewish Communities of Scotland homepage

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Data significantly expanded and notes added: 25 March 2025
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