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Henrich Leibowitz and the martyrs of his family.

Mishke Leibowitz and the martyrs of his family.

Zoltan Leibowitz. Businessman, and the martyrs of his family.

Shmuel Leibowitz. Businessman. He was the brother-in-law of Shmuel Rosenberg, the president of the kehilla. He lived on Hondary Street. He was pleasant and friendly. He served as a captain in the Austro-Hungarian army in the First World War. His wife, Mary, nee Vasershtrum, was a traditional and good hearted woman. Their seven children, five sons and two daughters, were raised in the proper Jewish manner but their lives were tragically cut short. Their son Bezalel and their daughter Esther Izshak were murdered in Auschwitz together with their parents. Their son Mordechai died in South Africa. Their surviving children, Yulia, Bubbe, Yosef and Lenka, live in New York and lovingly remember the martyrs of their family.

Elmer Loewy and the martyrs of his family.

Haim Tzvi Labensohn. Haim Hersch. He was a Hassidic Jew and a very pleasant person. Whenever he was present, people felt their spirits were lifted. He had to sell many candies to support the eleven souls in his family but G-d was with him. He had a pleasant, pretty wife, and sons and daughters who looked like angels. After two daughters were married, the storm came and everything collapsed. From a family of eleven almost no one remains. R. Haim Hersch, his wife Rochel, and their children, Miriam Chana, Esther, Raizi, Nosson Moshe, Serko, Tuvia Leib, Sara and Rivka, two granddaughters, the daughters of Chana and the wife of Yitzchak Yaakov Weiss all were murdered in Auschwitz on the 9^th of Sivan 1944. Their memory is preserved by their son Azriel in Petach Tikva

Yehoshua Levinsohn. One of the good Jews of the surrounding areas. He was the son of R. Dovid Levinsohn the shohet ubodek (ritual slaughterer) from Satmar Hedy of blessed memory. It was not easy to feed eleven mouths but he trusted in G-d and G-d helped. His wife Perel, née Neuman, an authentic Yiddishe Mameh, helped him at work and in raising their children but bitter fate interfered and the Levinsohns, along with their eight children, Michael, Rachel. Bracha, Naomi, Freidy the twins Nosson and Moshe, Azriel, Chaya and Chana, were murdered in sanctification of G-d's name on the 10^th of Sivan 1944. The survivors of the family are Esther, the widow of Aharon (Ari) Katz, in Tel Aviv, and the granddaughter, Vera Ahuva, in Vienna, who preserve their memory with love.

R. Hersch Tzvi Levinson with R. Yaakov Katz

Fishel Levy and the martyrs of his family.

Izshak Levy. Seller of glass, and the martyrs of his family.

Menachem Levy. Employee of the Chevra Kadisha. R. Menachem was a well known scholar and was loved by all. He raised good children. He was deported to Auschwitz along with part of his family. He had children in Belgium but their fate is unknown. His son Elimelech-Meilech says Kaddish and lights a memorial candle for their dear sons. He lives in Sydney.

Shmuel Levy and the martyrs of his family.

Gyula Levinger. Hatter, and the martyrs of his family.

Marton Levinger. Businessman, and the martyrs of his family.

Albert Meir and the martyrs of his family.

Geno Meir. Watchmaker, and the martyrs of his family.

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Mor Meir. Seller of socks, and the martyrs of his family.

Shimon Meir and the martyrs of his family.

Sandor Meir and the martyrs of his family.

Mor Mark and the martyrs of his family.

Dr. Aladar Markowitz. Attorney, and the martyrs of his family.

Bela Makowitz and the martyrs of his family.

Antal Markowitz and the martyrs of his family.

Ignatz Markowitz. House painter, and his wife.

Herman Markowitz. Grocer, and the martyrs of his family.

Miklos Markowitz. Owner of the Saboli drugstore, and the martyrs of his family.

Leib Markowitz. Textile dealer, and the martyrs of his family.

Lipot Markowitz and the martyrs of his family.

Shmuel Markowitz. Hardware store owner, and the martyrs of his family.

Sandor Markowitz, Textile dealer, and the martyrs of his family.

Vilmos Markowitz and the martyrs of his family.

Jacob Max and the martyrs of his family.

Zoltan Max and the martyrs of his family.

Shimon Marmelstein and the martyrs of his family.

Avraham Yitchak Mertz. Carpenter. A G-d fearing honest Hassidic Jew, who raised upright children. His son Shmuel, the roofer, his wife and children, his daughters Hinda Leah, Rachel, Rivka and Chaya were murdered in sanctification of G-d's name together with their mother. Their memory is preserved by their sons, Moshe Leib and Lipa in New York, and their daughter.

Avraham Yitzchak Moldovan. Metal worker, a proud Jew and an honest person. Well known as an athlete. His wife Miriam and their children Piroshka, Regina, Margit and Frieda were murdered in Auschwitz. Their surviving children, Avraham in Petach Tikva, Vera Gustman and Vilmos in Rehovot, Kati Amitay in Safed, Mikos, Jeno, Irene and Julian, preserve their memory.

Zoltan Moskowitz and the martyrs of his family.

The late Joseph Moskowitz. Wine seller. Lived on Bathory Street. He was a scholar and a G-d fearing Jew, and he generously helped others. His wife Sara Alta (nee Tabak), assisted him with his charity. They had six children, three sons and three daughters.Tragically the children were orphaned. The oldest son was eight years old. The mother was expecting when the father died in taf reish pay aleph (1921) at 28 years old. The responsibility for raising the children fell on the shoulders of the mother, a young widow, and she sacrificed herself for her children.

Sara Alte Moskowitz was the granddaughter of HaRav HaGaon R. Shlomo Leib Tabak z”l, the head of the Bais Din of Sighet, and she raised her orphaned children with the help of her grandfather. The mother and her daughter Chaitshe (Helen) were murdered in sanctification of G-d's name in Sivan 1944. One of the sons Pesach (Patay) died in Satmar in taf reish tzadi dalet (1934) not long after his bar mitzvah. Yosef was born after his father's passing and bore his name. He fell during the Sinai campaign and is buried in Tel Aviv. Lieby died in New York in tef shin lamed tet (1979) and was buried in Tel Aviv. Their memory is preserved by Rachel (Ella) Fruchter and Nisel (Nelly Stauber) in Tel Aviv.

Henrich Moses, businessman, and the martyrs of his family.

Lajos Miller, seller of ready-made clothing, and the martyrs of his family.

Marton Miller, businessman, and the martyrs of his family.

Tzvi (Herman) Neufeld. Clerk in the Weiss Spiegel factory. He was appreciated for his honesty and readiness to help others. He was a regular worshiper at the Great Synagogue. He raised his three children as good Jews together with his wife Reizel (Roszi) Herschel Neufeld. They, and their daughter Baila were murdered in sanctification of G-d's name on Shabbos the 12 of Sivan 1944.

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Their son, Israel, was picked at the end of June. It appears that he was murdered then. Their memory is preserved by their one surviving son, Moshe, in Kibbutz Barkai.

Shimon Nagler and the martyrs of his family.

Ignatz Neubauer and the martyrs of his family.

Kalman Neuman and the martyrs of his family.

Barnet Nussbacher and the martyrs of his family.

Pinchas Nussan. Tailor. Lived on Bathory Street. He did a lot of sewing to feed ten mouths. R. Pinchas was an enthusiastic hassid of the Spinka Rebbe. Together with his wife Yehudis (née Katz) he raised eight children, five sons and three daughters, as good and upright Jews. Their children Shlomo Yitzhak, and his wife Esther and their four children, Malka her husband Moshe Deitsch and their sons, and the sons of Moshe Yaakov were all murdered in Auschwitz on the 10^th of Sivan 1944. They are remembered by Yosef Meir Nussan, Zusia Nusan, and Yenta Rosensweig in Brooklyn, Dov in California and Hanna Yohanson in Haifa.

The Feuerstein family. Good citizens and well known in Satmar. Mordechai Feuerstein (known as Martzi) and his wife Ilush, nee Altman and their son Gyury. Moshe Feuerstein returned from the Holocaust, settled in Vienna and died Taf shin zayin (1947). Shmuel Feuerstein also returned from the Holocaust and settled in the United States where died in taf shin lamed hey (1975). Mindel Solomon nee Ilonka Feuerstein, and her children, were deported from the Chust ghetto. Rachel Klein nee Irene Feuerstein, and her sons, Theodor and (see under Sandor Klein), Leah Ragos nee Feuerstein Lenka and her two children were the martyrs of the Feuerstein family who perished on the 12^th of Sivan 1944. The two surviving Feuerstein children were Esther Goldstein nee Etush Feuerstein, in Netanya, and Lipa Feuerstein in Malmo, Sweden, who remember their loved ones with affection.

The Pearstein family lived on Zarinyi Street. They left Satmar in the 1930s. Their fate is unknown.

Lajos Popper and the martyrs of his family.

Moshe Polchak. Flour dealer. An honest and devout Jew who served as the gabbai in the Share Torah Synagogue. He and his wife Gitel were murdered in Auschwitz. Their home on Rakotzy Street 30 had been a good Jewish home. Their son, Shmuel Aryeh (Tzotzi), returned from the labor camp and was deported to Dachau, where he perished on 1945.5.2. Their son Yitzchak died in camp. Their only surviving son, Yosef remembers them with love.

Eliezer Fruchter. Sold building supplies. His warehouse was beneath the bridge on the Samosh River. Sometimes he operated the warehouse in partnership with Fruchter -Davidowitz. R. Leizer was known for his honesty and devotion to Judaism. During his short life, R. Leizer assumed many important jobs. He was the honorary chairman of the Visho Kehilla and was a member of the Marmorosh district council. Along with his wife Chaya Reizel (nee Greenbaum) he was involved in many philanthropic ventures. The bitter fate met them and the Fruchters died within three months of each other in the year taf reish tzadi chet (1938) and they are buried in the Orthodox cemetery in Satmar. R. Leizer and his wife raised five children, four sons and a daughter. Their oldest son, Dovid, died in the fields of Ukraine. Their son Elimelech Yonah, died in Satmar following a long illness in 1941. They are remembered by their brothers, Shlomo Fishel (Fishy), Mattisyahu Meir (Marcel) sister Gittel (Gita), and their grandchildren Eliezer, an engineer and Chaim, an attorney (the sons of Fischel). Nurit Speller and Eli the children of Gitel and the great-grandchildren are all alive. The Fruchters continue the family tradition as lumber dealers in Haifa.

Mordechai Prager. Lumber dealer. The son of the Rav of Ada R. Mordechai was like ripe fruit. His pleasant appearance reflected his pleasant nature. He was a prominent talmid chacham but he and his wife did not have children, so he adopted the children of the cheder. Aside from the time he devoted to his business, he spent most of his days working on behalf of the education of Jewish children.

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For many years he was the gabbai of the Talmud Torah, a member of the governing board of the kehilla, and a member of the burial society. His righteous wife, Pessil, supported him in these activities. A year or two before the Holocaust, they moved to Israel, and they are buried in the Zichron Meir cemetery in Bnai Brak.

Yitzchak Isak Friedman. Agriculturalist. His home in Mikola was a place where a poor hungry man could find a good meal, thanks to Friedman and his wife Sara Rivka-Hermina. The Friedmans raised five children, two sons and three daughters, to follow in their ways. Their daughter Malka-Manci Reichstein and her son Shmuel-Erno were murdered together with their parents on the 10^th of Sivan 1944. They are remembered by their son Lasji in Bnai Brak, their daughter Klary (the widow of Dr. Sandor Gross) in Karmiel, and their daughter Bushke in Bat Yam.

Shabtay Friedman (called R. Shabse). Owner of an estate in Mikola. He and his wife, Zhani, née Grossinger, were always looking to do a mitzvah. They raised their eight children, four sons and four daughters, as fine Jews. The Friedmans were deported to Auschwitz from the Satmar ghetto. They were murdered together with their daughter Haya Pessil (the first wife of Lishu Frieman), and her son Chaim. Their daughters, Bushka Farkash, Klary Friedman, and Manyi Rosenberg and their families were murdered on the 10^th day of Sivan 1944. Their son Shmuel Yehuda (Geno) died in Beer Sheva in 1980. They are remembered by their sons Yosef, Beebi and Latzi.

Note: The Friedman family had settled in Mikola 150 years before Jews were permitted to live in Satmar.

Zelig Preisler and the martyrs of his family.

Dr. Aladar Prinz. Attorney, and the martyrs of his family.

There were three Prinz brothers:

Armin-Avraham Tzvi Prinz. Owner of the Prinz brothers enamel factory. He served as the head of the Status Quo community for 15 years. The community flourished under his leadership. He was also active in the Hungarian party and he saved his family from deportation. A year after theHolocaust Prinz immigrated to the UK. Armin Prinz passed away in London in October 1953. His wife Amalia lived another 15 years and died in London on the 13th of January 1968. They are remembered by their sons, Miklosh and Andre, in London.

Daniel-Deszo Prinz. Owner of the Elisabet flour mill across from the Samosh river bridge. He was a noted philanthropist and a traditional Jew. He and some of his family were murdered in Auschwitz. He is mourned by his sons Miklosh in Argentina, and Tibor in Montreal.

Joseph Printz. Engineer. He and his wife were victims of the Holocaust. This author traveled with him to Auschwitz and saw him after the washing and uniform allocation. He was sent to a work camp. One can imagine his fate. His sons, Sandor and Pauly-Haim in Argentina, remember him with love.

Moshe Pelcovitz and the martyrs of his family.

David Farago. Sold nuts and seeds, an intelligent and good hearted person and a regular worshiper at the Great Synagogue. He was deported to Auschwitz together with his family. His son Latzi lived in Satmar for a number of years and then immigrated to the Americas.

Tzvi Fischer. Son of Yitzchak HaLevi (Herman). Commercial clerk, lived at Deak Square 21. He was known for his good nature and his honesty. He fought on the Italian front during theFirst World War. In 1918 he returned home wounded, with a silver medal on his chest. His wife Sara, nee Schwartz, joined him in Auschwitz, where they were murdered on the 10th of Sivan 1944 along with their loved ones Wilmosh, Piroshka and Lily. Bushka and Miki Schwartz (age 3) Sandor Schwartz died in Satmar in 1975. Their memory is preserved by Yosef Fisher, an office worker in Beersheva, and Tibor Fisher in Temesvar.

Kalman Farkash his wife Esther and their children Zelig, Imre, Natzko and Chayaleh were all murdered in Auschwitz.

Neta Zeev Farkash. Businessman and owner of a farm. A regular worshiper at the Great Synagogue. An honest and G-d fearing Jew. His wife Mindel and their children Shmuel Dov, his wife Ella and their daughter Yehudis, Yeshaya Yitzchak, Shamu, Yosef, Esther Friedman and her daughters Ava and Sara were all murdered in Auschwitz. Their memory is preserved by their sons, Leib in Petach Tikva and Kalonymus in Haifa.

Lajos Feldman and the martyrs of his family.

Joseph Feldman and the martyrs of his family.

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Ignatz Feldman and the martyrs of his family.

Moshe Feldman and the martyrs of his family.

Mor Feldman. Seller of packaging, and the martyrs of his family.

Mor Feldman. Watchmaker, and the martyrs of his family.

Barnet Feldner and the martyrs of his family.

Lazar Fekete and the martyrs of his family.

Emir Fier and the martyrs of his family.

Solomon Fishbein and the martyrs of his family.

Dr. Joseph Fischer. Attorney-at-law, one of the first members of the Hungarian Party (during the period of Rumanian rule), he and his family were not deported to Auschwitz. Dr. Fischer participated in many civic activities. He was the honorary chairman of the association of Jewish small-scale industrialists. After his liberation he served as the head of the Status Quo community. He died in Satmar during the 1970s.

Samuel Fischer. Owner of a chemical factory. He was known as Shmindrik, which was the name of the shoe polish he manufactured. He was pleasant, well liked and very intelligent, and people sought him out for advice. He sometimes represented many needy people in the Beit Din (the rabbinical court). For many years he served as the gabbai of Chevra Mishnayos. His son, Yehoshua died in Ukraine. His wife Pessil, and their children, Yosef Dov, Shlomo Aryeh and Eliezer Dovid, were murdered on the 28th of Iyar 1944 in Auschwitz. They are remembered by the surviving children, Yehuda Alexander in Upper Nazareth, Reizel in New York, and Chana and Esther in Los Angeles. (His photo appears on p. 92 together with his father and brother Chaim)

Shmuel Fischer. Seller of ready-to-wear clothing, and the martyrs of his family.

David Fogel. Seller of spirits, and the martyrs of his family.

Shmuel Fogel (David's father) and the martyrs of his family.

Shimon Fogel (Shimaleh melamed) and the martyrs of his family. His son Berel lives in Jerusalem.

Yehiel Frankel. One of the greatest people in Satmar's history. For fifteen years he served as the Rosh Hakahal, the leader of the community, and he fought to preserve the Ashkenazi traditions in the synagogue. Interestingly, on Shabbos and holidays he prayed in the Great Synagogue with Ashkenazi nusach, but on weekdays he prayed in the Chevra Mishnayos shul which followed nusach sefard. R. Yehiel died in Shvat 1944 at age 79, four months before the establishment of the ghetto. He was buried next to his wife Etya z”l who had died many years earlier. The couple had no sons. His daughters Spiegel, Levy and Shain, were murdered together with their husbands and their children in Auschwitz. His sole surviving daughter, the widow of the late R. Yosef Yehoshua Friedman z”l of Bnai Brak, preserved the memory of her dear ones. She died recently.

Yehiel Frankel

Moritz Freimowitz and the martyrs of his family.

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Marton Freund and the martyrs of his family.

Tuvia Freund. Flour merchant, and the martyrs of his family. I believe his sons. Chaim and Valbish live in New York.

Adolph Fried and the martyrs of his family.

Deszo Fried and the martyrs of his family.

Yitzchak Moshe Fried and his wife Tobe and their sons Avraham Meir z”l and Yehuda

Mother of Yizchak Moshe and Solomon Fried and Rella Grunfeld

Kalman Fried and the martyrs of his family.

Moritz Fried and the martyrs of his family.

Salomon Fried (brother of Yitzchak Moshe). Textile dealer. His wife Helen and his children Yehoshua, Irene, and Yocheved were murdered in Auschwitz. His son Eliezer Dovid died in Haifa. One of his sons lives in Givatayim.

Samuel Fried and the martyrs of his family.

Adolph Friedland and the martyrs of his family.

Izshak Friedman. , watchmaker, and the martyrs of his family.

Chaim Friedman. Businessman from the village of Davolotz. In the 1930s he and his family relocated to Satmar so that he could send his children to strict Haredi schools. His only son, Shmuel-Shmilku, was a successful student and became known as a Talmid chacham and a G-d fearing Jew. His wife Feiga (the sister of Anschel Yaakob), was a loyal and devoted partner. The Friedmans had four lovely daughters. Gitel, Sasi (the first wife of Yitzchak Goldstein) Rivka and Leah were murdered together with their parents on the 12^th day of Sivan 1944. The two surviving Friedman children are Shmuel in Montreal and Miriam-Manci Kramer (who belonged to the Bnai Akiva group in Satmar) in Givat Shmuel. Both of them try to implant in the hearts of their children and grandchildren the love for the Torah and the Jewish tradition they learned from their parents.

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Joseph Friedman. Mover. He and his wife Miriam Feiga, were a wonderful couple whose main concern was the education of their children. They lived on Kinizshi Street. They were together in life and at their deaths on the 28^th day of Iyar 1944. Their daughter, Devorah Rivka Ungar, and her two children were deported to Auschwitz. Their son, Mordechai Yehuda, and his wife and two, children were murdered in Belgium. They are remembered by their children Yehudit Loger in Herzliya, Avraham Yitzchak in Netanya, Yehoshua in Ramat Gan, Etel Steinkohl and Baila Gutman in Givatayim.

The wife of Sandor Friedman, Miriam nee Lazer (Magito Shmilu) was murdered in Auschwitz. She is remembered with love by her daughter on Kibbutz Dalia. Her daughter Ana Dr. Poliak-Friedman, is in Tel Aviv.

Marton Friedman and the martyrs of his family.

Deszo Fruchter, a lumber dealer, and the martyrs of his family.

Lazer Fruchter and the martyrs of his family.

Yanko Fuchs and his wife Pepy.

Lajos Fuchs and the martyrs of his family.

Benzion HaKohein Fulop. Owner of a grocery store on Binai Street, an alumnus of the Shevet Sofer Yeshiva in Pressburg, he was known as a great Torah scholar. His neighbors respected him for his honesty and goodness. His wife Esther was a full partner in his good deeds.

R. Benzion Fulop and his wife Esther

The children of R. Baruch Tzvi Fulop
Yittaleh		Gitel		Chaim Yitzchak

Mordechai Zimmerman (son-in-law of Anschel Yakob). Wine dealer in Satmar. A pleasant person. He had a shoe store iIn Ramat Gan. He is buried in the cemetery in Holon, and remembered by his wife, Helen, in Ramat Gan.

Mor Ciner, a watchmaker, and the martyrs of his family.

Deszo Tshandosh, a businessman, and the martyrs of his family.

Antal Katzder and the martyrs of his family.

Herman Katzder, a mover, and the martyrs of his family.

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Gershon Kassirer. Restaurateur and wine dealer. Quote from the writing on his tombstone in the Zichron Meir cemetery in Bnai Brak. “A pure and G-d fearing Jew who behaved in an exemplary fashion, was beloved by his fellow man and eagerly performed good deeds and gave charity. He was always satisfied with his lot in life. Gershon the son of Menachem Tzvi. He died in Antwerp on the 13 of Teves Taf shin caf zayin (1967).” R. Gershon returned to Satmar following liberation and rebuilt his home and his store. He immigrated to Israel with the great wave of immigration but shortly later he moved to Belgium and died there. His righteous and good hearted wife, Perel, and his three daughters Mirtza, Beila and Pessil, were murdered in sanctification of G-d's name in Auschwitz on the 10^th of Sivan 1944. Their memory is preserved by Gershon's sons Yitzchak (Itzo) in Antwerp, and Chaim in Los Angeles.

R. Gershon Kassirer

The family of the late Dovid Kolav. Some of the family were murdered in Auschwitz. His son Moshe, who passed away in the U.S., was buried in Herzliya. His Sanji lived in Israel for a while and then moved to the US. He preserves the memory of his loved ones. I'd like to express my thanks to the wife of R. Dovid Kolav who together with her friend and partner in good deeds, Yocheved Ilish, founded a soup kitchen (menza) for the yeshiva students (see the memory of the Ilish family).

Kalman Kaufman, an agent, and the martyrs of his family. This author was with him in the camp. As far as I recall he was liberated and his fate is not known.

Haim Leib Kaufman, a G-d fearing Hassidic Jew. He died in Satmar during the 1930s. Most of his family were deported to Auschwitz. His brother Neta Kaufman, similar to his brother, and both of them raised their children as Hassidim. His family was also deported to Auschwitz. Both brothers have children who survived the war and live in New York, following their parents' ways and preserving their memory.

Jeno Kaufman. Wholesaler on Bathany Street. His home was a fortress of charity and good deeds and he raised his two sons in this path. His wife was an exemplary Jewess who tragically passed away young and is buried near Rabbi Mandelbaum's monument in the Satmar cemetery. Jeno Kaufman and his mother were murdered in Auschwitz as was his daughter-in-law, Illy Leibowitz (Bandy Kaufman's first wife) and her young son. The Kaufmans' second son Latzi passed away in Ukraine. Their son Bondy in Sydney preserves their memory.

Joseph Kaufman and the martyrs of his family.

Osias Kvartler and the martyrs of his family.

Janos Kaufman and the martyrs of his family.

Adolph Kaufman and the martyrs of his family.

Asher Anshel Klein. Businessman. His store was located on Barcheny Street. R. Anshel studied in the Nitra yeshiva, was a preeminent Satmar scholar and an excellent orator. He was also known for his scrupulous honesty and good heart. For a while he served as a gabbai in the Shaare Torah Synagogue. He and his wife, Hentsche, raised their children to be good Jews. They were murdered together in Auschwitz along with their daughter Manci. Their son, Yehiel Michel, who served as a pillar of the community for five years following the Holocaust, and died in Tel Aviv on Rosh Hodesh Elul Taf shin lamed alef (1971). Their son, Avraham, died in New York, and another son, Mitue, died in Buenos Aires in Cheshvan taf shin mem bet (1982). Their memory is preserved by their two surviving sons, Naftali and Yaakov in Petach Tikva, their daughter Jolan in Buenos Aires, and Yehiel Michel's widow, Lily, and her children in Tel Aviv.

Barnet Klein and the martyrs of his family.

Bondi Klein the grandson of R. Binyomin Klein and of R. Eli Mandelbaum. During his youth he was part of the Great Synagogue choir in

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Satmar. He relocated to Bucharest and was part of the choir of the Choral Synagogue. He was one of the victims of the night of blood, and he is buried in Bucharest.

Yitzchak-Ignatz Klein. Barber, and his daughter, Leah-Magda, were murdered in sanctification of G-d's name in Auschwitz on Sabbath the 12^th of Sivan 1944. His wife Sheindel passed away in Satmar on the 13^th of Kislev 1939. Their son Yaakov Sholom died in a camp, and his body was incinerated in Gross-Rosen. Their memory is preserved by their son, Baruch Gabay Carmely, the well known artist in Petach Tikva.

Henrich Klein and the martyrs of his family.

Marton Klein and the martyrs of his family.

Mihaly Klein and the martyrs of his family.

Rabbi Dr. Menachem-Erno Klein. Son of the Dayan R. Yitzchak Klein z”l, the rabbi of Neuhayzel. He was deported to Auschwitz along with his family. He returned to Satmar alone, where he served for a short time as the rabbi of the Status Quo community. He left Rumania and became a rabbi in Toronto, which is where he died.

Avraham Kleinman and the martyrs of his family.

Sandor Kleinman and the martyrs of his family.

Jeno Kramer and the martyrs of his family.

Meir Kramer and the martyrs of his family.

Chaim Kornblit and the martyrs of his family.

Mishka Koppelman and the martyrs of his family.

Joseph Krausz and the martyrs of his family.

The late Joel Kramer-Lajos. Died in Satmar in 1940, the day of the “liberation” by the Hungarian army. His widow, the devoted Jewish mother Toibe-Teres, was a victim of the Holocaust. The eight Kramer children, four sons and four daughters, were raised as traditional Jews. The four daughters Miriam, Bracha, Henya and Rachel were murdered together with their mother on the 10^th of Sivan 1944. Two of the sons, Dr. Yehuda Kramer and Dr. Moshe Kramer, are buried in a mass grave in Ukraine. Dr. Eliezer Kramer returned from Auschwitz and passed away in Budapest in 1963. The sole survivor of a family of ten souls is the engineer Andor Kramer who lives in Givat Shmuel, and mourns the loss of his family, and tells his children and grandchildren about them.

Sara Rappoport the widow of R. Mordechai HaKohein Rappoport (the daughter of R. Shimshon Rosenberg z”l). She carried herself with an aristocratic demeanor. She had a pure Jewish heart, and raised her children together with her husband according to his direction. R. Mordechai passed away suddenly at a young age in Satmar. Sara and Rifka Zeisel (the first wife of Pinchas Loewy z”l) and their seven children were murdered in sanctification of G-d's name in Auschwitz. Their memory is preserved by their son R. Leib Rappoport in Tel Aviv. We also remember his wife Perel (the daughter of R. Yitzchak Rosenberg), and her three children, Mordechai, Meir and Shimshon.

Shimon Rosenberg. Shoemaker. His workshop was located on Kazintzy street. He was a good man, and his home on Zarinyi Street was a center of mitzvos and good deeds. R. Shimon carried on an authentic Jewish tradition. Sitting at his Shabbos Table along with his wife Linosh was a wonderful experience. The kashrus, the education of the children, were executed perfectly as Linush-Leah was a devoted partner to her husband. R. Shimon participated in the administration of the organization of Jewish craftsmen in Satmar. Both he and his wife were murdered in Auschwitz. Their son Chaim Binyamin-Henrich inherited his parents' fine qualities and was very well liked. His hobby was sports and he was one of the leading players in the Bar Kokhba football club, where he was known as Nadara. After serving in the Rumanian army he was sent to a Hungarian labor camp. On May 2, 1979 he died in Nahariya.

Their second so,n Dov Ber-Bondi, a member of the Zionist youth movement who hoped to emigrate to Israel, was sent to a labor camp and never returned. Their memory is preserved by their daughter, Reizie in Hungary, and their grandson Shimon (Chaim Binyamin Henrich) in Nahariya.

Sholom Zeev Roth-Farkash. Shoemaker. He lived on Kizinshi Street 73 with his family and was a regular worshiper at the Great Synagogue. He maintained a religious Jewish home together with his wonderful wife Chana (née Hennie Kahan) Their daughter Rozi, her husband

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Sandor Linder, and their daughter Katy, and another daughter, Eda, and her husband, Ignatz Weiss and their two sons, were murdered in Aushwitz. Their memory is preserved by their daughter Yolan and their son Joseph Roth (Yoshke) in Netanya, and their grandson Mordechai (Shuki) Linder, on Kibbutz Megiddo.

Rappoport. The mute tailor on Joseph Herzog Street was murdered in Auschwitz along with his entire family.

The late Avraham Tzvi Reich, a textile dealer on Bartshany Street. R. Avraham Hersh and his wife passed away in Satmar. Their family was deported to Auschwitz. Their son Mordechai Gimpel returned to Satmar and died there several years later. Their grandchildren remember the family's martyrs, the children of Tanchum, Ava and Miklosh, in the U.S., and Bela and Miki Horiner, in Vienna.

Dr. Israel-Yehezkel Isidore Reich. Chief physician in the Jewish Hospital in Satmar. Prior to that he was head physician in Liza and the chief physician of the therapeutic baths in Voziah. He was the son of the Rav HaGaon R. Mordechai Reich z”l the rabbi of Mediash, and the grandson of the Rav HaGaon R. Koppel Reich, the rabbi of Budapest. He was a fine person, and one the best cardiologists in Hungary and Rumania. He was also a fully religious Jew. He was deported to Auschwitz with his first wife (the daughter of Deszo Fried of Liza) and their young son. R. Israel Yehezkel was one of the few to return to Satmar, where he spent another four years working as the chief physician at the Jewish hospital. In 1950 he moved to Frankfurt and died there several years later. His family brought his body to Jerusalem for burial. I saw with my own eyes how Dr. Reich was escorted from the ghetto by an armed police officer in order to treat a Hungarian nobleman. His family in Jerusalem and his friends preserve his memory.

Miklos Reich. His wife Sara and their son Avraham Yaakov were destroyed in the crematorium.

The late Shlomo Reich. Leading activist in the Satmar community. He died in Satmar during the early 1930s at a relatively young age. His family left Satmar and their location is not known.

Zoltan Reisman and the martyrs of his family.

The late Simcha Bela Reiter. Owner of a chocolate factory. He held many important roles in the community including first gabbai and assistant head of the kehilla. He played a huge role in the building of the Machzikei HaDas synagogue, and was well known for his philanthropy. He lived to a ripe old age and his administrative and business skills remained with him until the end of his days. His employees trembled when he reviewed the annual accounts. His son Victor challenged him, telling the bookkeeper to put small mistakes in the ledger, but even in his old age he couldn't be fooled. In 1943 when Hungarian Jews were required to present documents proving nationality going back to 1850, his son Moshe Avraham, presented his father, then 96 to the mayor as a “living” document. R. Simcah Reiter died a few months before the ghetto was established, and he is buried next to his wife near the grave of Rabbi Yehuda Greenwald.

Eliezer Reiderman. Seller of beverages on Bania Street. A good Jew and exceptionally honest. He, his wife Devorah, and their three children Sheindel, and her three children from the Ungvar ghetto, Boruch Binyamin his wife Edith and their children, and Avraham Nosson were all murdered together on the 10^th of Sivan 1944. Their memory is preserved by their surviving children, Moshe in Holon, Shlomo Zalman (Katchki) Dovid and Tzvi in New York, and Sara in Fargo in Miami.

Yisrael Dovid Reichman and his wife Dina. A wonderful couple together in life and in death, both murdered in Auschwitz on the 10^th of Sivan 1944. Their son Avraham died in Ukraine. Their memories are preserved by their sons, Shimon and Yehuda in New York, and their daughter Sara Fuchs, in Tel Aviv.

Menachem Mendel Reichman. Businessman. Lived on Toltash Street. He was an honest and devout man and very well liked. Together with his wife a devoted Jewess, mother and a beautiful woman, and their children Bertha (the wife of Akiva Herman who died in Israel) and their children, Etta Dukas and her children, Hinda Altman and her two children, Estie Weiss, their daughter in law Ella and her two children and Lily the wife of Fisho Fisher were murdered in sanctification of G-d's name on the 28^th of Iyar 1944 in Auschwitz. Their memory is preserved by their sons, Moshe and Shimon in Montreal, Yehuda in Ramat Gan, Lipa in Herzliya and Yoel in Nahariya.

Dovid Rosenberg and the martyrs of his family.

Deszo Rosenberg and the martyrs of his family.

Bela Rosenberg and the martyrs of his family.

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Chaim Yosef Rosenberg. Flour dealer (son of R. Shimshon Rosenberg z”l). His was an authentic religious home. Together with his wife Leiba, he raised excellent children. Their son, Menachem Mendel, his wife and three children, their daughter, Chana Rosenberg and her three children, their daughter Rifka and her young son, were all murdered in Auschwitz in sanctification of G-d's name on the 9^th of Sivan 1944. Their memory is preserved by their daughters Leah Koenigsberg and Sara Rosenberg in Haifa.

Chana Friedman nee Rosenberg (daughter of R. Shimshon Rosenberg) the wife of R. Yonah Friedman, and their children Avraham Aaron, Aryeh Leib his wife and their children, Rifka and her husband, Pessil Leah and her husband and children, Sara her husband and their children, Shalom and Issachar Dov, were all deported to Auschwitz from the ghetto of Moshay.

Yitzchak Rosenberg. Produce dealer (son of R. Shimshon Rosenberg).He was a member of the board of the kehilla and active in other organizations. His home on Kossuth street was a warm and beautiful place. His aristocratic bearing matched his elevated soul. His wife Esther, a woman of valor and excellent mother, raised their children to follow the Jewish tradition. The Rosenbergs had six children, all of whom were part of Satmar's elite youth. Their daughter, Sara Rivka, was the wife of the rabbinical court judge, Klein, from Halmin, and their children, Perel, the wife of R. Leib Rappoport and their children, Mordechai, Meyer and Shimshon, Chaya the wife of R. Yosef Rogos, were murdered. Shalom Asher died in Satmar. Their memory is preserved by their sons Aryeh Leib and Shmelke in the U.S.

Mor Rosenberg, a textile dealer, and the martyrs of his family.

Moritz Rosenberg and the martyrs of his family.

Dr. Andor Rosenfeld, attorney-at-law, and the martyrs of his family.

Andre Rosenfeld, attorney -at-law, and the martyrs of his family.

Joseph Rosenfeld and the martyrs of his family.

Salomon Rosner and the martyrs of his family.

The family of the late Joseph Rothbart, include his daughter Anna, her children Olga, and Sigmund Chaim in Los Angeles, his son Andre, and his wife Manci Chaya in Nahariya. Noach Jeno was murdered in Auschwitz on the first day of Shavuos. His wife Rachel died in Tel Aviv in 1974. His brother Pitshe died during the First World War. Jeno's daughter, Chava Grida, lives in Tel Aviv. Miklos and his Tibor were deported to Auschwitz. His wife died in Satmar. His son Laslo passed away in Los Angeles. His son Joseph lives in Montreal. Margaret Ardaly nee Rothbart, had five children. Istvan died in a labor camp, George in Paris. Her surviving children are Rene, in Budapest, Palma in Yavneh, and Laslo in Beit Shemesh. The descendants preserve the loving memory of their family.

Armin Roth. Owner of the Hassida store, and the martyrs of his family.

Aharon Roth and the martyrs of his family.

Daniel Roth and the martyrs of his family.

Haim Yehuda Roth. Produce dealer, and his wife Rifka, were murdered in Auschwitz. Their memory is preserved by their son, Asher Zelig, and their daughters, Feige Gittel Pimental and Bluma Fried.

Izshak Roth and the martyrs of his family.

Lipot Roth and the martyrs of his family.

Moshe Roth. Rav of Homorod z”l. He lived on Vagohid Street. He suffered from a disease which affected his legs, and he used a wheelchair to get around. He was well known throughout the region as a great scholar His sons and grandsons were also great scholars. Rav Roth passed away before the Holocaust in Satmar. His sons, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren, preserve his memory.

Mordechai Leib Roth. Insurance agent. Lived on Petofi Street. In addition to running his business, he spent his time doing good deeds. He organized kosher food for Jews who were in prison. His loyal wife, Gittel, helped him in his charitable endeavors. Their children Irene and her son Meir, Miriam, Leah and a girl, Tobi and her four children, all went to the crematorium. The surviving children Rotzi, Elisabeth, and Yonatan, in Israel preserve the memory of their loved ones.

Chaim Rubin. Known as R. Chaim Flistiger, he lived on Toltosh street. He was a talmid chacham and a G-d fearing Jew and he raised his children in the traditional Jewish manner. His son Yaakov served as the ritual slaughterer in Halmin. He was the son in law of R. Beirish Visherver, the famed Chassidic composer. R. Chaim's wife died in Satmar. He was deported to Auschwitz together with his children. Their memory is preserved by his grandson, R. Shmuel Rubin, a music teacher in the Chinuch Atzmai (independent religious) schools, in Bnai Brak.

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Chaim Shefer and the martyrs of his family.

Heinrich Salomon and the martyrs of his family.

Sandor Salomon and the martyrs of his family.

Shvili Salomon. Wagon owner, his wife and daughter.

Mendel Scharf and the martyrs of his family.

Yosef Eli' Schlesinger. Lumber dealer, and the martyrs of his family.

Shamu Shein. Candy and drinks seller, and the martyrs of his family.

Chaim Zev Henrich Shenberger. Wholesale textile dealer. His home on Kotzai Street was a center for charity and good deeds, presided over by R. Chaim and his wife, Tessil. Every day poor people dined at their home. They gave their children a modern orthodox education, and people considered it an honor for their sons to marry the Shenberger girls. R. Chaim Volf was among the leaders of the community for the last two decades. He served as the kehilla's chief gabbai, but none of that saved him from a bitter fate. He and his wife Tessil, their daughters Sara Dr. Berger, and Mirel Kellerman, were murdered in sanctification of G-d's name in Auschwitz on Shabbos the 12^th of Sivan 1944. His son Joseph emigrated to Israel and is buried in Herzliya. Their memory is preserved by their surviving children, Rifka and Yehuda in Herzliya, and Gabriel and Abraham, in New York

Mendel Shenfeld and the martyrs of his family.

Adolph Schwartz and the martyrs of his family.

Tzvi (Herman) Schwartz. Partner in a candle factory on Koltzay Street. He was an activist, and played an important role in the reestablishment of the community after the Holocaust.He served as the head of the Chevra Kadisha and first gabbai the Great Synagogue, until his emigration. The Schwartz family constructed a bunker below their home where they hid during the period of the ghetto, until they were discovered and deported to Auschwitz. While in Slovakia, the mother Sara, and her three sons, broke through the floor of the cattle car and escaped. Luck was not with them. They were apprehended by Slovakian gendarmes and deported to Theresienstadt, until the liberation. The head of the family, R. Herschel made his way to the area of Budapest where he was accepted as a hunter by one of the noblemen. His daughter Lily worked as a housemaid in Budapest. R. Herschel visited Bnai Brak where he saw the famous sukkah of the author of these pages. R. Herschel died in the United States. The surviving members of the family are his wife Sara, and three sons, Miklosh, Lajos and Jeno. Lily's son also remembers their loved ones.

Hugo Schwartz and the martyrs of his family.

Yitzchak Schwartz. Milkman, and the martyrs of his family. His son Lipa returned from the camp and moved to Israel. He died several years later in Rehovot.

Yaakov Schwartz and the martyrs of his family.

Yehuda HaKohen Schwartz. Partner in a thread and button factory on Vardomb Street. A year before the Holocaust he died in Satmar at age 37. His good and charitable wife was deported to Auschwitz. The Schwartzs raised their children as good Torah-observing Jews and their memory is preserved by their surviving children, Malka the wife of Bela Horiner in Vienna, Shmuel Zalman in Los Angeles, and David in New York.

Dr. Lajos Schwartz. Gynecologist and the leader of the Zionist movement in Satmar. He and his family were deported to Auschwitz.

Marton Schwartz and the martyrs of his family.

Yoshke -Yosef Schwartz. Soap manufacturer. His wife, Rifka, and their young son Robert, were murdered in Auschwitz on the 9^th of Sivan 1944.

Peter Schwartz and the martyrs of his family.

Sandor Schwartz. Partner in a candle factory (Tzvi's brother), was deported to Auschwitz together with his family.

Shlomo Hakohen Schwartz. Partner in the button and thread factory on Vardomb Street. He was deported to Auschwitz together with his wife and some of his children. R. Shlomo was a leader in the community and its institutions. Their memory is

[Page 143]

preserved by their daughter, Rachel, the wife of R. Dovid Zabel, and their son Yehuda, in New York,

Shalom Schwartz. Wine and liquor dealer. A good and honest Jew. Together with his wife Fradel they ran a traditional Jewish home on Vashaleni Street. Thye, and their daughter Miriam, were murdered in Auschwtiz. Their memory is preserved by their daughter, Sara Kane in Jerusalem, and their son Tzvi Dov in Bnai Brak. Their yahrzeit is on the 28^th of Iyar.

Vilmosh Schwartz and the martyrs of his family.

Zsusza nee Glick, wife of Paul Schwartz was murdered in Auschwitz. She is remembered by her brother-in-law, Dr. Zoltan Weissbrun, attorney at law in Tel Aviv.

Lazer Shimonowitz and the martyrs of his family.

Shimonowitz. Seltzer manufacturer, and the martyrs of his family.

Bertlan Shomogi. Builder, and his family were deported to Auschwitz.

Erno Speigel and the martyrs of his family.

Dovid Tzvi Spitzer. Sold carpets and bags. He was a partner in the Spitzer Weiss store. He was descended from the Spitzer family of Grosswardein, and the son-in-law of R. Yosef Spiegel. He was a pillar of the post-war orthodox community and the local chairman of the Joint. He had a difficult task, as people turned to him for advice. Everyone in Satmar knew that Spitzer didn't open his store for two years, devoting himself to his work for the community instead. He died suddenly and tragically on the day of his 60^th birthday, in Tel Aviv. He's remembered lovingly by his wife Piri, and his daughters, Sima and Zehava, and their families.

R. Dovid Dezso Spitzer

Yehuda-Gyula Stein. Furrier. An honest craftsman who supported his family with honest labor. His family was shattered when he tragically died young in Satmar. He left a widow, Raizel, and orphans. Raizel became both father and mother to her children. The mother and her daughter, Rifka, were murdered together in Auschwitz. Their son, Shimon, was sent to Ukraine and never returned. They are remembered lovingly by their son, Dovid, in Jerusalem.

Giza Steinberger. Kiosk owner, and the martyrs of his family.

Leopold Steinberger and the martyrs of his family.

Moritz Steinmetz. Teacher in the Talmud Torah. He was deported to Auschwitz with his family. His son Alter lives in Bnai Brak.

Emil Steiner and the martyrs of his family.

Jeno Steiner. Milkman. He died in Satmar. His wife was deported to Auschwitz. Their son, Bondi, and their daughter, Alice Friedman, in Caracas remember them with love.

Dr. Joseph Steiner. Dentist, and the martyrs of his family.

Ada Stern. Hatter, and the martyrs of his family.

Miklos Stern. Shoemaker, and the martyrs of his family.

Dr. Mor Moshe Aryeh Stern. Attorney-at-law and editor of the book, “The Path of the Jews of Satmar,” in Hungarian. He died in Satmar during the 1930s. His wife and daughter were deported to Auschwitz.

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Dr. Mor Stern. Pediatrician (brother of Ilish Katzir). He was deported to Auschwitz along with his family.

Franz Sternthal. Owner of a shoe polish factory Shimi Pasta. He was deported to Auschwitz with his family.

Zoltan Shoshitzky and the martyrs of his family.

Dovid Shmuel Spiegel. Businessman. He lived on Vardomb Street opposite the Great Synagogue. He read the Torah in the Share Torah Bais Medrash. He was a pleasant well liked person, a good Jew and a scholar. His wife Necha was an authentic Jewish mother. The Spiegels raised seven children, four daughters and three sons, as good Jews but the storm took six of the nine souls in the family. The parents, their son Moshe and his wife Louisa, their daughter Rifka and her husband Joseph Goldglanz, and their three children, their daughter Leah and her husband Hugo Taub and their two daughters, their daughter Manci and her husband Yosef Fekete and their daughter, all of them were sacrifices of the Holocaust and perished in sanctification of G-d's name on Shabbos the 12^th of Sivan 1944. They are remembered by their daughter Pessil Adler (her son Shmuel was killed in a car accident), in Ramat Ha Nasi. Their son Avraham, in Kibbutz Dalia, and their son Mordechai, in Givatayim.

Moshe Schreiber. Owner of the grocery store on the corner of Kossuth and Otbush. R. Moshe was a model, polite and honest businessman. His dignified outer appearance mirrored his inner dignity. When he lifted his arms to bless the people with love, he was as full of sincerity as Aaron the original Kohein. Every day for him began with prayer, Torah study with R. Shimshon Rosenberg, and then work. He used the mikvah on a regular basis. His wife, Shufra Yehudis nee Glickk, was a model Jewish woman. They had three children, two daughters and a son. Tragically they lost their only son Menachem Mendel, a scholar of both Torah and science. R. Moshe accepted the loss with forbearance and faith. The two Schreiber daughters, Matel Frieman, her daughter Fruma Berger and her husband Yaakov and their daughter Sara Rifka were murdered in Auschwitz on the 10^th of Sivan 1944 with the name of Hashem on their lips. They are lovingly remembered by the children of Mendel, Eliezer and Fruma in Israel, Yofi in New York, and the Frieman children in Israel, and the rest of the world.

R. Moshe HaKohein Schreiber

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