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The Emigration in Facts and Figures

Chronology

January 30, 1933 Seizure of power by the Nazis in Germany.
April 1, 1933 The Franconian gau leader Julius Streicher organized the first boycott against Jewish enterprises in entire Germany.
1934 Beginning of the youth Aliyah to Palestine; 3262 teenagers can be saved till March 1939.
September 15, 1935 "Nuremberg laws"
July 1938 Conference of Evian: 32 nations discussed the problem of Jewish refugees without any result.
October 28/29, 1938 Deportation of Jewish families originating from Poland to the German-Polish border.
November 9/10, 1938 "Reichskristallnacht": More than 30,000 Jews were deported to concentration camps Sachsenhausen, Buchenwald and Dachau. The horrors of this night triggered a mass flight from Germany.
November 11, 1938 "Ordinance about the exclusion of the Jews from the German business life": All Jewish businesses had to close, all Jewish employees were driven out of their jobs. With this measure all opportunities of earning money for Jews in the Reich came to an end.
March 1939 - fall 1940 Seven illegal ship transports of Jewish emigrants to Palestine in the context of the "Aliyah Beth", code name "Sonder-Hachschara".
May 1939 The emigrant ship "St. Louis" started her odyssey from Hamburg to Cuba and back to Europe.
September 1, 1939 Germany assaulted Poland.
October 1939 The British forbade Jewish immigration to Palestine (till April 1940).
May 1940 Germany assaulted and occupied the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and France.
November 25, 1940 In a desperate attempt to prevent their forced embarkment on the ship "Patria", Jewish refugees blew up the ship in the port of Haifa. 251 passengers were killed.
June 22, 1941 Germany assaulted the Soviet Union: The escape route through the USSR to the Pacific was definitely blocked.
October 1941 Emigration ban for Jews from Germany and the occupied countries as a stage to "Endloesung".
November 29, 1941 First deportation from Nuremberg to Riga-Jungfernhof.
December 7, 1941 Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour.
December 11, 1941 German declaration of war to the USA: End of any emigration opportunities from Germany and occupied Europe. After this only a few Jews were able to reach neutral countries by paying ransom or in exchange for prisoners of war.
January 20, 1942 Conference at Wannsee in Berlin discussed the logistic aspects of "final solution".
April 20, 1945 Liberation of Nuremberg by the U.S. Army.
May 8, 1945 Unconditional surrender of the German Reich. Out of 1534 deportees from Nuremberg to the concentration camps only 65 survived. Most of them were older than seventy years. Almost all of the younger survivors emigrated as soon as possible.
December 16, 1945 Re-establishment of the Jewish congregation in Nuremberg.


Jewish emigrants from Nuremberg 1933-1939 (source: Municipal Official Bulletin no. 24, March 28, 1940, p. 149)

 1  Argentina 62
 2   Australia 12
 3   Belgium 45
 4   Brazil 25
 5   China 14
  6  France 118
 7   Great Britain 572
 8   Holland 118
 9   Italy 27
10   Yugoslavia 12
11   Luxembourg 12
12   Central America 53
13   Palestine 226
14   Sweden 32
15   Switzerland 34
16   South Africa 33
17   South America (except 1 and 4) 54
18   Czechoslovakia 13
19   USA 1030
20   Others 47
Sum 2539

Together with the migrants to other German cities 5638 Jewish citizens left Nuremberg between 1933 and 1939.

 

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