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Translation of:
Zikron Salonike; gedulata ve-hurbana shel Yerushalim de-Balkan;
Edited by: David A. Rekanati
Published in Tel Aviv 1972 (Vol I), 1986 (Vol II)
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This is a translation from: Zikron Salonike; gedulata ve-hurbana shel Yerushalim de-Balkan;
Note: The original book can be seen online at the NY Public Library site: Thessaloniki (1972)
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Volume I The Saloniki Community Book Publication Committee, Tel-Aviv, 1972
Fifth Year to the Liberation of Jerusalem (that she should be rebuilt in our
days, Amen.)
|
The Committee |
| Avraham S. Recanati, Chair |
| Avraham A. Ben-Aruya |
| Chaim A. Toledano |
| Hananel Y. Chasid |
| Shemu'el A. Recanati |
| David A. Recanati |
| 11 | Preface |
| 13 | The Jews of Salonika by Itshac Ch. Emmanuel |
| 38 | The Maccabbee - A Heroic Epoch of Zionism in Salonika by Avraham Ch. Recanati |
| 41 | The Beginning of the Socialist Movement by Avraham A. Benaroya |
| 42 | Hatehia - Society of Women for Gymnastics and Jewish Culture by Doudoun Recanati and Tamar Massa |
| 44 | The Zionist Movement in Salonika and in other Cities in Greece by Acher Moissis |
| 49 | A. J. J. - Association of Jewish Youth by Itshak Ben-Rubi |
| 49 | The Zionist Society of Max Nordau by Moche Nadjari (Al-Ness) |
| 50 | The Mizrahi Organization of Salonika by Haim Toledano |
| 54 | The Zionist Revisionists by Avraham Ch. Recanati |
| Introduction |
| The Task of this Book |
| Acknowledgements |
| Page | Chapter | Title |
| 1 | The History of the Jews of Saloniki , by Dr. Yitchak S. Emanuel | |
| 3 | One | From the Beginning of Jewish Settlement until the Spanish Expulsion, 3620 – 5252
(140 B.C.E. – 1492) |
| 8 | Two | The Expulsions and Establishment of “Kahals” (Assemblies) 5252 - 5335 (1492-1575) |
| 14 | Three | The Golden Age, 5252 – 5350 (1492-1590) |
| 25 | Four | Catastrophes and Attacks – Extrication and Recovery 5267 – 5397 (1507-1637) |
| 32 | Five | The Assemblies under Unified Leadership 5378 – 5411 (1618-1651) |
| 39 | Six | Shabtai Tzvi and his Adherents in Saloniki |
| 53 | Seven | The Spiritual and Moral Crisis after the Conversion of Shabtai Tzvi |
| 63 | Eight | Rabbi Yoseph Kob”o and his Friends – New Currents |
| 72 | Nine | Troubled Time for the Community, 5500 – 5542 (1740-1782) |
| 82 | Ten | The Chief Rabbies and their Rulings, 5501 – 5542 (1741-1782) |
| 96 | Eleven | The Turkish Wars and their Effect on the Jews of Saloniki 5542 – 5590 (1782-1830) |
| 107 | Twelve | The Chief Rabbinate, 5552 – 5600 (1792-1840) |
| 145 | Thirteen | Major Changes – Buds of Western Education 5600 – 5635 (1840-1875) |
| 145 | Fourteen | The Activities of Allatini and Mode'ano |
| 161 | Fifteen | A Jewish Republic, 5648 - 5672 (1888-1912) |
| 194 | Sixteen | National and Spiritual Shocks, 5648 – 5682 (1888-1922) |
| 216 | Seventeen | The Zionist Era – Emigration and Aliya, 5685 – 5700 (1925-1940) |
| 236 | Eighteen | The Destruction of the Community by the Germans |
| 265 | Nineteen | After the Shoah |
| Page | Title | Author |
| 275 | National Awakening – The Zionist Movement | |
| 279 | The “Maccabi” – The Heroic Period of the National Movement in Saloniki | Avraham S. Recanati |
| 305 | Youth in “Maccabi” | Miriam Venezia |
| 307 | The Jews of Saloniki – Founders of the “Maccabi” in New York | Yitzchak Brudo |
| 308 | The “Maccabis” in the Greek War of Independence | S. Yitchaki |
| 309 | The Beginning of the Socialist Movement among the Jews of Saloniki | Avraham A. Ben-Aruya |
| 321 | An Attempt to Establish Saloniki as an Independent City | a Scribe |
| 328 | The Jews of Saloniki in the Political (and Diplomatic) Life of Greece | S. Recanati |
| 331 | Jews in the Greek Army | Asher Moises |
| 334 | The Struggle for the Sabbath | David A. Recanati |
| 357 | The 28th and 29th of June, 1931 | Chaim Toledano |
| 361 | The “Maccabi” the Campbell Riots | Asher R. Moises |
| 366 | The Zionist Movement in Saloniki and in the other Greek Communities | Asher R. Moises |
| 394 | The Activites of the Keren Kayemet L'Yisrael | D. A. R. |
| 397 | The Association of “The Children of Zion” | Shabtai Shealtiel |
| 398 | “The Association of Young Hebrews” (A. J. J.) | Yitzchak ben Rubi |
| 401 | The Association for Zionism and Sport “Max Nordau” | Moshe Al-Nes (Najari) |
| 403 | The “Artzenu” Association | |
| 404 | “HaKo'ach” – the Hebrew Union for Gymnastics | D. A. R. |
| 407 | “Pro-Israel” – Impressions and Evaluations of a Large Zionist Newspaper | Dr. Uriel de Mendosa |
| 416 | “HaTechiya” Women's Association for Gymnastics and Hebrew Culture | Dodon Recanati and Tamar Masa |
| 423 | How the “Eastern Zionist Association” was founded in Saloniki | Hananel Yitzchak Chasid |
| 424 | The Mizrachi Union in Saloniki – The Great Popular Movement for Torah and Tzion | Chaim Aharon Toledano |
| 455 | “Bnei Mizrachi” (and Beita”r) in Saloniki | Leon Pilosoph |
| 461 | The Association of “Young Mizrachi” | D. A. R. |
| 463 | The Revisionist Zionists in Saloniki – Pioneers of Political Activism, Founders of The International Movement, Harbingers of the Revolt in England | Avraham Shmuel Recanati |
| Page | Appendix | Article |
| 491 | A: | Jabotinsky in Saloniki |
| 495 | B: | “An Important Greek Revisionist Blazes a Path through the Tzaha”r” |
| 497 | C: | Jabotinsky's Suggestion to found “Herzl's Order” |
| Page | Article | |
| 500 | Zionist Songs (in Hebrew and Espaniol) | |
| 507 | In Everlasting Memory of our Martyrs | |
| Page | Title | Author |
| 9 | The Suburbs of Salonika | Michael Molho |
| 12 | The Jews of Portugal in Salonika | Mercado Covo |
| 12 | Marranos Living in Salonika | Cecil Roth |
| 13 | Rabbi Levy Ben Haviv | Itshac Molho |
| 14 | Rabbi Yoseph ben Lev and the Guevir Baruch | Mercado Covo |
| 14 | Purim in Pesach | Avraham Haviv |
| 15 | Rabbi Chaul Molho | David A. Recanati |
| 16 | Rabbi Chabetay Gavriel Yeochua | Rabbi Hizkia Yeochua |
| 16 | The Emissaries of Eretz Israel | Itshac Emmanuel |
| 18 | The Destruction of the Cemetery | Haim Ezrati |
| 18 | 81 Inscriptions of Tombs | |
| 20 | The Institutions of the Community | Daout Levi |
| 22 | City Mother in Israel | Rabbi Benzion Uziel |
| 23 | The Community During Its Final Years | Alfonso Levi |
| 24 | Letters of Veissi (1935-1939) | |
| 24 | Report about the Community Schools | |
| 24 | The Teachers of Hebrew | Haim Toledano |
| 26 | The Alatini and Modiano Families | Daout Levi |
| 28 | The Jews in Commercial Life | Haim Toledano |
| 28 | Jewish Artisans | Mentech Bensantchi |
| 29 | The Jews in the Maritime Trades | Yoseph Bourla |
| 29 | Jewish Doctors | Uriel de Medonsa |
| 31 | Printing Presses and Printers | Itshac Emmanuel |
| 31 | City of Publications | Joseph Nahama |
| 32 | Jewish Poets in Salonika | David A. Recanati |
| 33 | Music and Religious Poetry | David A. Recanati |
| 33 | The Society of Alel Vezimra | David A. Recanati |
| 34 | The Society of Neim Zemiroth | Haim Alvo |
| 34 | Hazanim and Hazanut | Chimon Uziel |
| 35 | The Conquest of the Sea in Eretz Israel | Avraham S. Recanati |
| 37 | The Destruction of the Community | Eliahu Hassid |
| 39 | Flight from Greece | Yaacov Assael |
| 41 | Salonika - Auschwitz - Jerusalem | Itshac Cohen |
| 43 | The Resistance Movement | Avraham Ben Aroya |
| 45 | Acts of Resistance | David Broudo |
| 46 | An Encounter | Pessah Borchtein |
| 46 | Camps of Death | David Haim |
| 47 | After the Catastrophe | Avraham S. Recanati |
|
|
||
Hebrew Table of Contents |
||
| Page | Title | Author |
| The City | ||
| 5 | Jewish Neighbourhoods in Saloniki (Greece) | Michael Molcho |
| 32 | Portuguese Deportation to Saloniki (Greece) | Mircado Yosef |
| 38 | Saloniki absorbs compelles | Bezalel Ruth |
| 40 | Rabbi Levy BenHaviv: Spain - Saloniki - Jerusalem | Yitzhak Molcho |
| 49 | Rabbi Yosef Ben Lev and Gvir Baruch | Mircado Yosef |
| 52 | Purim at Pesach | Avraham Haviv |
| 56 | The Rabbi Shaul Molcho | David A. Rakenati |
| 66 | My father Rabbi Shabtay Gabriel Yehushua | Hezkiya Shabtay Yehoshua |
| 71 | Messengers from Israel (list, all generations) | Yitzhak Emanuel |
| 81 | Kovo family and her rabbis, masters | Yitzhak Emanuel |
| 86 | Saloniki Jews in Yemen | Mircado Kovo |
| 88 | Jewish Battalions in “Young Turks” Revolution | Yizhak Ben Zvi |
| 91 | 81 Inscriptions of tombs, copied by Mirkado Kovo | From D”AR |
| 118 | Expropriation of the cemetery and its disaster | Chaim Ezrati |
| The Community | ||
| 127 | Overview of Jewish Institutions in Saloniki | David Levy |
| 143 | City and People in Israel | R' Ben Zion Meir Chai Uziel |
| 147 | The Community and its people in last years | Alfonso Levy |
| 168 | The journalist Eliyahu Kiasi's letter on the community's condition | Chaim Toledano |
| 177 | Saloniki Jewish Community's Education Project Report | Z. Kon |
| 189 | Jewish Teachers in Saloniki schools | Chaim A. Toledano |
| 198 | Jewish activity in commercial life | David (Davud) Levy |
| 202 | Jews in industrial and commercial life of Saloniki | Chaim A. Toledano |
| 208 | Professionals in the Saloniki Community | Mentesh Ben Sangi |
| 211 | Saloniki Jews in the naval shipping and transportation business | Yosef Burla |
| 216 | Vegetable wholesalers and The Shabbat | Yitzhak Brodo |
| 218 | Renting an Apartment | Ytzchak Barudo |
| 219 | Jewish doctors in Saloniki | Uriel De Medonsa |
| The Life | ||
| 230 | Printhouses and printworkers | Yitzhak S. Emmanuel |
| 250 | Saloniki city publishing | Yosef Nehama |
| 261 | Rabbi Yehuda Nehama and the Salonikan “wisdom” | David Benvenisti |
| 277 | Hebrew poetry in Saloniki for the last generations | David A. Rakenati |
| 322 | Shlomo H. Shalem, A valiant of Ladino poetry | Moshe Atias |
| 337 | Holy poetry/songs and singing in Saloniki | David A. Rakenati |
| 348 | “Hillel and Zimra” Society (or “Praise - Melodies Society”) and before | David A. Rakenati |
| 354 | Songs and praises which were in Saloniki | Eliyahu Yitzhak Halevi |
| 355 | “Naim Zmirot” poet society (or “Society of Religious Poems”) | Chaim S. Alvo |
| 359 | Cantor and cantillation | Shimon Uziel |
| 364 | Traditions and popular customs | Yitzhak Brodo |
| 372 | Salonikan Ketubah | |
| 376 | Honor to The dead | Yitzhak S. Emanuel |
| 382 | Justice Trial | Michael Molcho |
| 383 | Excommunication of Jalibi Rubin | |
| 385 | Accepted Wisdom from midrash (homiletic interpretation) “La Plasa” | |
| 388 | Charity will rescue from death | Alasini and the old |
| 389 | The Shlomo Trial | Yakobaci Kovio |
| 391 | Popular songs in Ladino | |
| 393 | Chants for Purim | |
| 403 | Chants for Pesach | |
| 409 | Dirges for Nine Ancestors | |
| 415 | A Jewish City with no comparison in the world | David Ben Gurion |
| 416 | My visit & Meetings with people from Saloniki | Rachel Yanait Ben Tzvi |
| 422 | Memories of Salonika | D'r Zev Fon Viizel |
| 425 | Emigration from Saloniki to Jerusalem in the previous century | Ya'akov Yehushua |
| 434 | Conquest of the sea in Palestine - Pioneers from Saloniki | Avraham Recanati |
| The Men | ||
| 448 | R. Mose - the Cohen Hasid | |
| 449 | Yosef Gategno | |
| 450 | R. Emanuel Yitzhak Broudo | |
| 450 | David Matalon | |
| 451 | R' Moshe Aharon Malach | |
| 453 | R' Shelomo (Salomon) Tzion | |
| 454 | Avraham Yitzchak Gategno | |
| 456 | Emanuel Caruso | |
| 456 | R' Shaul Amario | |
| 457 | Advocate Emannuel Shalem | |
| 460 | Mercado Yosef Kovav | |
| 462 | Rabbi Chaim Chaviv (zikaron tzadik l'bracha)
Tzadik = pious, virtuous, Z.”L. = his remembrance to be blessed |
|
| 464 | R' Moshe Tazartes | |
| 464 | Baruch Ben Yacov | |
| 466 | R. Yitzhak Hasid | |
| 472 | Daout Efendi Levi | |
| 476 | R' Eliyau Moshe Fransis | |
| 476 | Rafael Chaim Manasseh | |
| 477 | R' Mordechai Saias | |
| 477 | Mair Pinto | |
| 480 | R' Leon Yosef | |
| 482 | Mose (Mois) Barzaili | |
| 483 | Leon Gategno | |
| 484 | Albert Tchenio | |
| 485 | Avraham Orfel Haviv | |
| 485 | Yitzhak Cohen | |
| 487 | Yehuda-Leon Recanati | |
| 494 | Yitzhak Arosti | |
| 496 | R' Sol Molco | |
| 496 | Chaim Yosef Capoun | |
| 497 | R' Mose Yosef Cohen | |
| 498 | R' Yehuda Frachiya | |
| 499 | Yacov Elihu Cohen | |
| 499 | Chaim Esrati | |
| 502 | Asher Malach | |
| 503 | Doctor (Dr.) Jean (Jan) Alalouf | |
| 505 | Yosef son of (ben) Pinchas Ouziel (Uziel) | |
| 506 | Yitzhak Aaron Toledano | |
| 508 | Doctor Yitzhak Samuel Emanuel | |
| 511 | Avraham S. Recanati | |
| The Ruin | ||
| 531 | The ruin of Salonikan Jewry | Eliyahu Hasid |
| 541 | Escape and emigration | Yaakov Asael |
| 552 | Greek Jews' resistance to Hitler's oppression | Avraham Ben Aroya |
| 565 | Anti-Nazi underground | David Mordechay Brodo |
| 569 | Chasson Gang trial | |
| 575 | Trial of War criminal Max Marten | |
| 577 | Saloniki – Auschwitz – Jerusalem | Yitzhak Cohen |
| 600 | Heroism and sacredness of Greek Jewry | Pesach Borstein |
| 603 | Lists from death camps | David Chaim |
| 610 | Blast of Crematorium 3 in the death camp Birkenau | Moshe Shmuel (Nono) |
| 614 | Rescued Firebrands from Greece's Shores | Yaa'akov Tzur |
| 621 | Greek Jewry after ruin - attempts to revive it | Avraham S. Rakenati |
| 623 | The report on Jewish property in Greece after the Holocaust | Avraham S. Rakenati |
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