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Quatro Irmãos and Filipson were the two gaucho agricultural colonies created by the ICA (Jewish Colonization Association) in southern Brazil between 1902 and 1909. The colonies were designed to settle Jews from the Pale region of the Russian Empire, making them farmers (the same was made in Argentina and Uruguay). The German Jew, Baron Maurice de Hirsch (1831-1896) was the main sponsor of the ICA. These two colonies were close to Erexim and Santa Maria. Each family received a plot of 50 hectares, a house, work tools, two yoke of oxen, two cows and a horse, assuming a debt to be paid in twenty years. There is no exact number, but more than a hundred families participated in this project. The colonies went through many difficulties in the early years, with crops destroyed by pests, derisory agricultural prices, culminating, in December 1924, with the sacking of Quatro Irmãos by a band of rebels, which would later become known as Coluna Prestes. Data graciously made available by the authors of the book, "Os Primeiros Judeus De Sao Paulo. Uma breve historia contada atraves do Cemiterio Israelita de Vila Mariana". Published by Fraiha, 2009, Sao Paulo
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