Notes: The complete translation of this book is also available here: The Zamosc Memorial Book The original book can be seen online at the NY Public Library site: Zamosc (1957)

Dedication - Majer (Mark) Swiatlo
Supporters Honor Roll
The Central Committee For Pinkas Zamość		xiii
Translator's Foreword		xv
Foreword	Wolf Kornmass	1
The Genesis of Zamość		3
Regarding the History of the Jews in Zamość	Israel Levin (Jerusalem)	9
The Sephardim in Zamość	Dr. Yaakov Shatzky	35
1. The Creation of Zamość		35
2. Sephardic Jews in Poland		38
3. The Sephardic Settlement in Zamość		44
The Schul in Altstadt	David Davidovich	49
The Pinkas of the Hevra Kadisha & Gemilut Hasadim of Zamość	Ephraim Kupfer	52
The Maggid of Dubno	Y. Y. Trunk (New York)	93
Historical Data & Facts		109
A. The Decrees of 1648 in Zamość		109
B. A Jewish Lady Cook from Zamość for the Jewish Trade Guests in Breslau in the Year 1697		111
C. A Terrible Incident in Zamość in the Year 1727		112
D. From the Pinkas, “The Hevra Tzedaka-Gedolah” In Zamość		113
E. The Libel Against the Zamość Jews in 1870 and Illuminations from the Memoirs of [I. L.] Peretz		114
The Haskala in Zamość	Dr. Yaakov Shatzky	116
1. Historical Development		116
2. The Writers and The Readers		123
Addenda		128
Zalman Sobel, An Unknown Fabulist from Zamość		135
The Books of the Rabbis & Sages of Zamość (Bibliography)	Yaakov Dov Mandelbaum	137
Shlomo Ettinger, His Life and Personality	Dr. Max Weinreich	144
2. Joseph-Yoskeh Ettinger and His Descendants		159
3. Dr. Shlomo Ettinger's Warsaw Friend, Y. Korngold		160
Zamość Nearly a Century Ago (Two Documents)		163
1. The Jewish Community in Zamość		164
2. The Jewish Colony of Zdanów Near Zamość		168
The Jewish Agricultural Colonization in the Zamość Province	Y. Bartys	171
Alexander Zederbaum and “Kol Mevaser”	Sh. L. Citron	181
The Birth Pangs of the First Jewish Newspaper		181
“Kol Mevaser”		182
Alexander Zederbaum's Bibliography	Yefim Jeshurun	192
Yaakov Eichenbaum		192
Yaakov Reifman		194
Yaakov Reifman's Autobiography		194
A Letter of Recommendation from Yaakov Reifman		199
Zamość, the City of I. L. Peretz		201
Zamość and Peretz	Dr. Yaakov Shatzky	202
Childhood and Teachers	I. L. Peretz	206
After Hazy Years		212
“Order” in Zamość		220
The Life and Works of I. L. Peretz		223
Peretz Has Died!	M. Olgin	229
The National Significance of I. L. Peretz	Dr. Ch. Zhitlovsky	231
Our Peretz	B. Mikhalevich	239
The Peretz-Year	Joseph Opotashu	241
The Yitzhak Leibusz Peretz Bibliography	Yefim Jeshurun	242
Yitzhak Leibusz Peretz and Berish Beckerman	Louis Gross	243
Who Was the Baker?		243
He Writes Dramatic Works and Operettas		244
Who is the Originator of this Story?		245
Beckerman's Journals and Brochures		246
Beckerman's Troubles in America		247
Beckerman Replies		249
Beckerman Doesn't Give in Easily		250
Beckerman Seeks a Partner		251
Berish Beckerman		253
The She-Eagle that Flew Out of Zamość	Y. Zudiker	255
A. Childhood and Young Years		256
B. In the World-at-Large		258
C. Rosa Luxembourg's Jewish Moments		260
D. In Prisons and Out Free		261
Rosa Luxembourg's Husband, Leo Jogiches Tiszka		262
The Zionist Movement in Zamość	Yekhiel Goldwag, Moshe Schliam	266
A. Basic Overview		266
B. The Movement for Hebrew in Zamość		271
The Religious Life of Our Zamość	Rabbi Abraham Goldschmid	274
The Gaon, Rabbi Mordechai HaLevi Sternfeld (The Last Rabbi of Zamość-Neustadt)	Sender Rothstein	277
Religious Periodical Output in Zamość		281
‘HaBe'er’		281
Zamośćher Vort		282
Fragmentary Memories (Zamość 1914-1923)	Yaakov Ne'eman (Neimark)	289
Homeless		289
The First World War (1914-1917)		291
The Red Revolution		293
The Bolshevist Invasion		294
In Prison		296
Regarding the Destruction of the I. L. Peretz Library in Zamość		298
The Library Named for Dr. Shlomo Ettinger in the Neustadt	Simcha Zworyn	300
Yiddish Theater-Lovers and Drama Circles in Zamość	'Sheva Fekher-Garfinkel & Moshe Garfinkel	302
Community Life in Zamość	Chaim Shpizeisen	305
The Jewish Socialist Movement in Zamość Up To World War I		305
The First Great Demonstration in Zamość in the Year 1905		307
Bund and Trade Union Movement in Zamość between the Two World Wars (1914 - 1939)		307
I. L. Peretz in Zamość		309
The I. L. Peretz Library in Zamość		310
The Creation of the Yiddish-Secular School named for I. L. Peretz, in Zamość		313
The Martyred Teachers of Zamość		316
A Community Chronology of Zamość		320
Regarding I. L. Peretz Gasse in Zamość		320
Zamośćher Stimme		333
Neustadt	Wolf Kornmass	350
Why a Neustadt?		351
Markets of the Neustadt		353
Their Own Community Life		354
Community Activities		358
The First Occupation of 1914		359
Support-Work		360
The Battle for the Youth		361
The ‘Little Room’		363
Our Artistic Debut		365
In the Surrounding Towns		366
Means of Livelihood in the Neustadt		368
New-Zamość Types and Stories	A. Schwartzberg	372
Shlomo'leh Beikhel		372
‘The Young Flower’		373
The Great Fire in the Neustadt		374
In Those Days	Mark Jakubowicz	376
The Zamość Pogrom of 1914	Akiva Schwartzberg	378
Jewish Life in Zamość in the Last Century	Zvi Gebet	380
The ‘Fifth’ Year in Zamość		380
The First Jewish Community Library in the City		384
The First HeHalutz Group		386
The Musicians in Zamość		389
Thousands of Memorial Lights		390
The Zamość Kaleidoscope	Shlomo Schwartzberg	391
The Physicians – Feldschers – In the Neustadt		391
A Bit of Topography, Buildings and Places		395
‘White Mekhl’		396
Rabbi Gaon R' Moshe'leh Epstein עצ”ל		399
“The Bent Little Jew”		400
Rabbi Mordechai HaLevi ז”ל		401
Moshe Koval		406
Moshe Dichter		408
Yohanan Morgenstern		409
Institutions and Public Servants in Zamość	Moshe Kezman	412
The ‘Linat HaTzedek’		412
The Yiddish-Polish Gymnasium		412
The Merchant's Society and Small Business Society		414
Shlomo David Fershtendig and His Wine Cellar		416
The Jewish Gentleman from Ploskia – Ignacy Margolies		417
Documents Concerning Hunger and Need		418
Document One		418
Document Two		420
Zamość on the Eve of the Holocaust	Helena Schaffner	422
The ‘Kadima’ Hebrew School	Kalman Engelstein	424
A Dispute for Reasons of Faith in Zamość	Baruch Sobol	426
The Dispute between Hasidim and Mitnagdim		426
White-Blue Charity Boxes and Rabbi Meir Baal-HaNess Boxes		428
Ten Years of the Labor Movement in Zamość (1913 - 1923)	Lejzor Finkman	430
A Wedding at the Cemetery	Mottel Steiner	434
The Zionist-Revisionist Movement in Zamość	David Kornblit	438
The Linat-HaTzedek of Zamość	Akiva Eierweiss	440
Institutions of Good Work	Chaim Shpizeisen	442
Memories of Youth	Yekhezkiel Szlak	444
A Thirst for Knowledge		444
Choir and Culture-Undertakings		445
Theater-Performances		446
A Literary-Artistic Evening		447
A Theater-Troupe Gets Out of Town		448
The Bourgeoisie Youth Comes to Us		449
Shlomo'leh Gerzon		451
Providing Food and a Kitchen for the Unemployed		454
Peretz'l Gonif Does Good Deeds Secretly		456
The Sensational Trial of Two Jews in Zamość for ‘Belittling the Crucifix’		458
From Life in Zamość in Times Gone By	Moshe Freilich	460
How the Zamość Water Carriers Came to Declare a Strike		460
The Wife of the Orchestra Leader		461
They Were Three		462
Guests in Zamość between the First and Second World Wars		463
Memories of Former Times	Itcheh Leib Herring	468
There Was a Life, and It Was Cut Down	Nekha Rok-Schwartz	471
The Trade Union Movement	Wolf Kornmass	475
In the Neustadt		475
The ‘Council’ of the Professional Class-Unions		478
The Union of the House Servants		478
Libraries		479
May 1, 1926		480
Municipal Council Elections and Self-‘Parceling’		480
We Secretly Put Up a Fence		481
Enlightenment and Cultural Activity		482
Our Landlord Cannot Rest…		483
Artistic-Dramatic Initiatives		483
The Youth Council		484
Inter-Community Relations		485
The Arrest of Ephraim Cooperstein		486
The Petlura Pogrom in Zamość	Gita Ackerman-Grosser	486
Individual Personalities from Our Zamość		489
Profiles of Activists	Chaim Shpizeisen	490
R'Moshe'leh Strekher-Zilber, נ”ע	Yaakov Rothenstein	497
The Margolis Family	Yaakov Rothenstein	497
Leah'keh Brokh	Sarah Shlafrok (Yankeh)	501
Sholom Shmucklar	Zvi Gebet (Tel-Aviv)	501
R' Shmuel Yitzhak Kornblit	David Kornblit	503
R' Shmuel Reisen	David Kornblit	504
Israel Sheck	Jekuthiel Zwillich	505
Dr. Philip Lubelski	ERE”Z	505
Feivel HaKohen Geliebter		506
Bronish Huberman	David Shifman	508
R' Moshe Yehoshua Heschel Wohl	Yaakov Reifman	508
Mordechai-Joseph Kornfeld	Simcha Harrari-Kornfeld (Kiryat Amal, Israel)	508
Shabtai Hollesch		509
David Shifman	Zvi ben Ramalyahu (Chelm) – (‘HaMelitz’ No. 49, 1903)	510
Dr. Yitzhak Geliebter	Dr. Yitzhak Szyfer	510
Aryeh-Leib Naimanovich	Naphtali Naimanovich	513
Issachar Ber Falkensohn		513
Oytzer Hirsch	Jekuthiel Zwillich	514
Abraham Gerson	Shoshana Herman-Rikhman	514
Shlomo (Lomeh) Luxenbourg		516
Rachel Kornfeld	Jekuthiel Zwillich	516
Emanuel Zoberman		516
Fishl Geliebter		517
Philip Geliebter Bibliography	Yefim Jeshurun	518
The Zwillich Family	Jekuthiel Zwillich	518
Mordechai Zwillich		518
Chaim Zwillich		519
Other Portraits		519
Shlomo Wohl		519
Ben-Zion Lubliner		519
Aharon Geliebter		519
Yossel Finkman		519
Rabbi Joseph Shlomo Shabtai Hurwitz		519
Jonah Szper		520
Activists in the Professional Movement		520
This is the Way Zamość Was Cut Down….		522
The Destruction of Zamość		525
The Beginning of the Destruction	Mendel Sznur	527
And This Is How It Happened…	Mordechai Shtrigler	530
The Last Day in the Neustadt	Leib Gewirtz	535
Neustadt is Bombed		535
In the Village		536
Back in the Neustadt		538
The Red Army Arrives		539
How a Sabbath-Observing congregation traipsed off to God	Mordechai Shtrigler	541
The Extermination of the Jews of Zamość	Jekuthiel Zwillich	549
The First Signs of a Ghetto		557
The Zamość Jews that belonged to the Judenrat		559
The Zamość Judenrat Policemen		560
On the Day of the Unjust Sentence	Mordechai Shtrigler	571
Residents of Zamość in a Fight for Life During the Hitlerist Occupation	Beryl Eisenkopf	582
Zamość During the First Two Weeks of the War		582
The Germans and Soviets in Zamość		582
The Evacuation		584
The Suffering and Killing of the Zamość [Jews] in Ludomir		585
The Last Jew in the Ghetto	Mordechai Shtrigler	593
On Aryan Papers	Rosa Rosett	599
The Men of Zamość in the Barracks		602
A Chronology of the Nazi Occupation		603
Children		603
Greetings of Death from Zamość		603
A Surviving Jew from Zamość Relates:		604
Zamość People in the Ludomir Ghetto	Shlomo Stern	606
Through Forests and with the Partisan Movement	Itkeh Herring	610
Ghetto, Slaughter, Forest, Majdanek	David Meckler	614
1. In the Zamość Ghetto		614
2. The Slaughter of April 11, 1942		614
3. The Last Jews in Zamość		616
4. A Partisan		616
5. In Majdanek		617
Through Seven Hells	Henoch Nobel	619
Ghetto, Majdanek, Skarzysko, Buchenwald, Schlieben, Theresienstadt	Abba Friedling	625
Expulsions and Extermination of the Jews in the Zamość Vicinity	T. Brustyn-Bernstein	631
Expulsion and Extermination of the Settlements in the Lublin District In the Form of Numbers and Data		635
The Nazi Death Machine at Belzec		642
Accusation Speech in Dachau	Yaakov Schwartz	657
Yizkor		660
Our Sanctified Ones and Martyrs		663
Our List of Martyrs		688
Our Day of Sorrow – 24 Nissan		690
Documents and Materials		691
The Leader of the ‘Judenrat’ Tells…		692
The Jewish Region and its Administration		696
The Jewish Police		700
The Financial Problems of the ‘Judenrat’		701
Jewish Labor in the Camps		706
The Help-Committee		719
The ‘Judenrat’ Creates a ‘Labor-Company’		723
Compulsory-Inspection in the SS		723
The ‘Judenrat’ Demands Taxes		724
Warning to Observe the Police Hours		725
Krasnobrod Asks for Help		726
“Evacuated” German Jews in Zamość		728
“Evacuees” from Theresienstadt Demand Their Luggage		729
Zamość Survivors		730
The Committees of the Zamość Survivors In Poland, in the Years 1945-1950		731
Zamość After the Holocaust	Jekuthiel Zwillich	734
Zamość Without Jews	Moshe Schliam	738
Yitzhak Leib Peretz on the Streets of Zamość	Sholom Stern	741
Zamość 1945	Helena Schaffner	746
The Zamość ‘Rotunda’	Akiva Eierweiss	749
Zamość, the City of I. L. Peretz	M. Tzanin	751
Pages from a Tour of Poland	Sholom Stern	753
Zamość Survivors in Germany		759
Chaim Shpizeisen		763
The People of Zamość Around the World		764
The Landsleit of Zamość	Israel Zilber	765
The Establishment and Development of Zamośćher Progressive Branch 375 Workman's Circle	Jack Fox	768
The Union of Friends from Zamość, Philadelphia		771
The Founding of the Zamość Landsmanschaft in Montreal (Canada)	A. Schwartzberg & B. Eisenkopf	772
General Report of Our Activity		773
The Zamość Society in Israel	Yaakov Ne'eman (Neimark)	775
Foreword		775
The Founding of the Society		776
Our Activity		776
Report of the Activity of the Zamość Landsleit in Haifa and Vicinity		779
Zamość People in Argentina	Wolf Kornmass	781
Our Deceased Leadership Members		785
The Central Committee of Pinkas Zamość		785
Sub-Committee United States – New York		785
United States: Other Cities		785
Sub-Committee Canada: Montreal		786
Sub-Commission Brazil		786
Australia		786
Sub-Commission Bolivia		786
Shlomo-Leib Schwartzberg ז”ל		789
Pinkas Zamość	Mordechai V. Bernstein	791
Glossary		795
List of Martyrs

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