Kalarash, Moldova

The Book of Kalarash
(Moldova)

47°16' / 28°19'

Translation of Sefer Kalarash

Edited by: N. Tamir

Published in Tel Aviv, 1966

Acknowledgments

Project Coordinator and Translator
Jerrold Landau

This is a translation from: Sefer Kalarash; le-hantsahat zikhram shel yehudei ha-ayara she-nehreva bi-yemei ha-shoa
(The book of Kalarash in memory of the town's Jews, which was destroyed in the Holocaust).
Editors: N. Tamir, et. al., Tel Aviv, 1966 (Hebrew and Yiddish, 533 pages).

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List of Figures

Nostalgia for Kalarash		9
Kalarash described from vague memories	L. Kuperstein	11
My hometown	Aryeh Charuvi (Bokser)	15
This is how I remember you	Yosef Vinokur	17
The city – the source of inspiration	Yosef Ozitel	20
A “tour” of the city before its destruction	David Broshi (Broshik)	22
Kalarash from the beginning of the year to the end of the year	Yosef Ozitel	28
A Map of Kalarash
Kalarash – its place and history		33
From encyclopedias		35
The area of Bessasrabia and the city of Kalarash at the end of the 19th Century	Aharon Kadron (Kandel)	36
Between the two World Wars	Yitzchak Halperin	39
The history of the city, and its beginnings	Seni Kandel (Kadron)	46
The Jewish leadership in the local government	Aryeh Karasnushinsky	48
Between governments	A. Kadron	51
The town – a general survey	Dov Yosilovitz	52
Landscape, work, and business		55
Landscape	Uriah Feldman	57
The Fence	Y. Ozitel	58
A land of blessing	Avraham Pichman	60
Sources of livelihood	S. Kandel	63
The fair	Y. Ozitel	68
From establishment to downfall	A. Pichman	70
A writing from “Vaschod” (5.11.1887)		76
Education and Culture		77
The first school of its kind	Y. Vinokur	79
On the founding of the Hebrew school in Kalarash (autobiography)	Dr. Y. L. Matmon-Cohen	81
The “Beit Yehuda” school under the leadership of Matmon-Cohen	By a graduate	82
The blessed continuation	Y. Vinokur	84
The school and its principal	Y. Ozitel	87
The Talmud Torah “Chevra Mishnayot”	S. Kandel	89
The Chovavim theatrical group	S. Kandel	90
Theatrical experience	Y. Ozitel	91
My father's house	A. Feldman	93
My parents' house	Yisrael Gershuni (Garminski)	97
From the town to the Diaspora and the Homeland		101
Chaim Grinberg	Zalman Shazar, president of Israel	103
His activities in Bessarabia	Chaim Visodler	107
The death of a leader (from 'Der Yiddisher Kempfer')		112
Childhood and youth	Noach Tamir	114
Yisrael Giladi	Zeev Levinson	117
Yisraelik	Pinchas Shneerson	120
Mendel Portugali	Yaakov Portugali	127
Yitzchak Rosenberg	Avraham Hertzfeld	132
Memories of his personality	Shimon Shimoni	133
Memories of his personality	Mordechi Twersky	136
From my memories (autobiography)	Yitzchak Rosenberg	137
Uriah Feldman	Dr. Feldman-Miuzam	140
Public Personalities		143
Rabbi Yisrael Dov Zevin	Yaakov Gluzman	145
The person	Y. Spivak	146
My father of blessed memory	N. Tamir-Zevin	147
Portions of the lecture which Rabbi Zevin gave in Kalarash after the first Zionist Congress. Apr 1897		147
Reb Moshe Reznik (the 'starasta' of Kalarash)	Y. Vinokur	153
Gabriel Kogan	R. Yosilovitz	155
Yechiel Eilberg	Zev Sirkes	157
Memories of his personality	D. Yosilovitz	159
Memories of his personality	Y. Ozitel	160
Memories of his personality	Chaya Melamed-Abramovitz	161
Alter Shames, Shimon Shteingort, Nachman Soslinsky the editors		163
Sara Berginer	Y. Ozitel	164
Yosef Krasnushinsky	D. Yosilovitz	165
Yaakov Gluzman	D. Yosilovitz	166
Moshe Halperin	D. Yosilovitz	168
Institutions of Public Good		171
The Jewish Hospital. From “Unzer Tzeit”		173
The “Gemilut Chesed” Society. From “Unzer Tzeit”		175
Women's volunteer groups	Sara Truker	178
“Matan Beseter” Society	Y. Oziel	182
The series of institutions	S. Kandel	183
A writing from “Unzer Tzeit”	A. Heimisher	186
Political groups, Youth Movements		187
Zionism in Kalarash	Yitzchak Koren	189
A bit of history	Rivka Bodisky-Teomim	191
The “Culture League”, Communists, and Jews in the underground	Y. Ozitel	196
Excitement, breaking, and the Zohar era	Moshe Shechtman	199
Awakening to deeds	Rivka Feinstein-Broshi	203
Youth - movement and change	Y. Ozitel	206
Believers and faithful	A. Karashushinsky	211
Humble beginnings	A. Kadron	217
Preparation for “Chalutzim” in the town. Wonder and experience	Moshe Hadar (Baran)	218
The roamings of the book shelf	Y. Ozitel	220
Political-Citizen groups and their episodes	M. Shechtman	222
The turmoil of the elections – the faithful and thesycophants. From “Unzer Tzeit”		224
The good and the guilty	Daniel Portugali	225
Anonymous soldiers	Y. Vinokur	227
One of the Anonymous from “Hashomer”		228
Examples and Signs	N. Tamir	229
The movements of aliya to Israel	N.	232
Looking and the turmoil in the town		233
The anulling of the strike	Y. Ozitel	235
The shoemaker's strike	A. Charuvi	237
Raise your hands!	N. Tamikr	238
An event that happened…	S. Kandel	240
The happenings of the town		243
Holidays and festivals (in the children's cheder, the “cheder”, dedication of a Torah in the synagogue, Lamentations, going to Tashlich, Simchat Torah in the town, there is no time like Pesach	Y. Ozitel	245
The night of Tisha Beov in the town	N. Tamir	250
Customs and Prayers	M. Hadar (Baran)	251
Secrets from the children's cheder	Y. Gershuni	252
It was…	A. Karashnushinsky	254
More and more. A thousand memories	Yisrael Gisher	257
Pictures from various times. Talent in the town	N. Tamir	262
In the Cheder	A. Kadron	263
A blessing from the Rabbi of Shtepineshti	A Charuvi	264
The Rabbi Yaakov-Yosele, and his followers in the town	S. Truker	265
The days of Purim in the Cheder and the house	Y. Gershuni	265
Fires	Y. Ozitel	268
The bathhouse, the river, the city gardens	A Kadron	269
Well known names	Y. Vinokur	272
Names	Dr. G. Fishstein	273
The four	Y. Vinokur	274
The apostate	Y. Ozitel	275
Automobile	A. Charuvi	276
A wedding in the town	Y. Ozitel	278
The teeter-totter	A. Charuvi	279
The sacrifice (Akeda) of the father	N. Tamir	281
Hayuman, won't you tell!	R. Bodisky-Teomim	283
News	Y. Ozitel	285
Gypsies	A. Kadron	285
Midget	Fruma Cogan-Graman	286
Types of work people		287
Doctors, pharmacists, and medics	S. Kandel	289
Rev Shmuel Sutski	A Charuvi	290
Of the people, and lovely…	Moshe Vashvein	291
A memorial candle for workers and people of “Amach”	A. Krasnushinsky	292
Anshel the water drawer	A. Charuvi	298
Our wagon driver (the Izuztchik)	Y. Ozitel	299
Personalities (Lipshe the midwife; Rev Gershon Greinchik, Rev Tovia and his sharp-toothed wife; Rev Alec Balan-Chabatan, and his servant the Communist; Rev Leizer Kumpuntchik; Rev Yoel Melamed and his son in law the “Klezmer”	A. Charuvi	301
A prize for Yitzchak Aloni		305
Amongst the non-Jews		307
Rev Shmuel Kraner and his son	A Charuvi	309
The self defence movement in 1917	S Kandel	311
The non-Jews in the town	Y. Ozitel	312
Relations with the gentiles	C. Melamed-Abramovitz	313
Thus were we protected	R. Bodiski-Teomim	315
Hatred of the Jews	A. Kadron	316
Frightful night (the happenings in the town before the pogrom)	Y. Ozitel	323
Relationships	Y. Ozitel	323
The mother of the apostates	S. Kandel	323
Two brothers	A Charuvi	326
The strong and brave (Yudin the generous thief; Hershele Bakliok; Mari)	S. Kandel	327
Demons in Kalarash		329
The Pogrom		331
An authentic photograph of the booklet “the pogrom”		333
The terrible bloody Kalarasher pogrom	Yaakov Chiplester	335
In the face of destruction	A. Pichman	344
Lamentations	M.Y. Ben Gurion (Beredichevski)	346
The story of Kalarash	Philip Cohen	349
I heard from my mother's mouth	C. Melamed-Abramovitz	357
I met you with blood and fire, I left you with blood and fire	R. Bodiski-Teomim	358
Personal memories of the Kalarash Pogrom	Niske Melamed	359
The scroll of Kalrash. From “Unzer Tzeit”		361
An article from “Hashkafa”		365
Thoughts on the Pogrom of Kalarash	A. Kadron	366
Notes	N Tamir	369
The Holocaust		371
The monument of the Holocaust		373
A Jewish child weeps in the background of his city (illustration)	M. Bernstein	374
The sunset of Kalarash	Itia Charkes-Shatz	375
Memories of fateful days	P. Cogan-Gorman	383
May the Nazis be cursed for ever and ever	Chana Katzaf-Birenfeld	387
I will not forget!	Levi Yitzchak Rochberger	391
Tragic days	S. Kandel	394
Destruction and hopelessness Afterword	Zanvil Veisman	401
Is there a need for meetings of our lantzman (from the thoughts of the organization)	Y. Ozitel	405

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