The Distinctive Traits in the History of the Lithuanian Jews – When Have the Jews Appeared in Lithuania? – The Realm of Lithuania in the Middle Ages – The Union of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1386 – The Charters of 1388 and 1389 for the Jews in Lithuania – The Reign of Vytautas (1386-1430), a “Bright Era” for the Lithuanian Jews – King and Grand Duke Casimir (1440-1492) Continues the Policies Regarding the Jews of Vytautas – The Expulsion of the Jews in 1495 – The Return of the Jews in 1503 – The Expanding of the Jewish Population in the 16th Century – The Conditions of the Jews under the Rule of Sigismund – Sigismund Augustus (1548-1572), a Liberal Ruler – Anti-Jewish Tendencies among the Middle Classes of the Urban Population and in the Circles of Impoverished Gentry – The Magdeburg Law Aggravates the Position of the Jewish Merchants and Artisans – Henry Válois, a Prince of France, becomes King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania – A Hard Struggle for the Morsel of Bread after the Economic Prosperity at the End of the 16th Century and in the Beginning of the 17th – The Disaster Brought by the Invasion of Moscow. The Initial Emigration to Western Europe – The Economic Decline Brings Social Discrimination – Vilnius (Wilno) and Kaunas (Kovno) – Spiritual and Cultural Upsurge in the 17th and 18th Centuries – Lithuanian Jews under the Rule of Russia – The Strife between the Hasidim and the Misnagdim – The Rise of the Haskalah – Under the Reign of Nicholas I – The Difficult Path of the Haskalah and its Progress – The Epoch of Alexander II – Changes in Social-Economic Conditions in the Second Half of the 19th Century – 1869, the Beginning of the Emigration from the Kovno Province to the U S A. – Emigration and Self-Help, Zionism and Bundism – The Revolution in Russia (1905) – On the Eve of the First World War.

1. Outbreak of the War – 2. On the Eve of the Exile – 3. The “Kuzhi Frame-up” and the Expulsion of Lithuanian Jews – 4. The Resounding Effect of the Exile and New Banishments – 5. The “Yekopo” (Jewish Committee of Relief) Aids the Hapless Wanderers – 6. Pogroms on Lithuanian Jews Who Avoided the Expulsion – 7. The Plight of the Refugees – 8. Lithuanian Jews on a Strange Soil – 9. The February Revoluticn of 1917 – 10. Repatriation.

The Establishment of the Lithuanian “Taryba” (Council) – The Taryba of Vilnius Proclaims the Independence of Lithuania and Selects a King – Jews are Invited to Participate in the Taryba and in the Ministerial Cabinet – Lithuanian-Jewish Freindship. Dr. Vigodsky the First Jewish Minister – The Lithuanian Government Moves to Kaunas – The Molding of the Jewish National Autonomy – The Government Declaration of May 12, 1922 – The Jewish Part in Political and Industrial Life – Jewish Cultural and Social Achievements – The Origination of the Jewish National Council – Obstacles in its Activities – The “Golden Era” of the National Autonomy – The Downthrow – The Bitter Disappointment – The Resignation of the Minister of Jewish Affairs, Dr. Soloveichik – The Desperate Struggle for National Autonomy – Anti-Jewish Regulations and the Daubing of Jewish Signs – The Liquidation of the Ministry for Jewish Affairs and the Jewish National Council – The Blow at the Jewish Communities (Kehilot) – Anti-Jewish Decrees – The Fight of the Jewish Parliamentarians (Jewish Seim-Faction) for Jewish Rights – Smetona's Goup d'Etat, December 17, 1926 – Remnants of the National Autonomy – New Restrictions against Jews – The Inner Strength of the Lithuanian Jewry.

1. Origin of the Vaad of Lithuania and its General Character – 2. The Economic Legislation of the Vaad – 3. Its Regulations Regarding Education, Social Protection, Family Life and the Ways of Conduct – 4. The Discipline of the Communities and the Functions of their Councils – 5. The Defense of the Rights of the Jews and he Fighting Off of Instigators against Jews – 6. The Composition of the Vaad – 7. Its Business Order – 8. The Executive Body of the Vaad – 9. Contentions among the Leading Forces – 10. Cycles in the History of the Vaad – 11. The Autonomical Organization of the Communities in Samegitia.

ENVIRONS – NEIGHBORS – MORES – LANGUAGES – PORTRAIT PAINTINGS

1. The Ethnographical and Historical Boundaries of Lithuania – 2. The Heathen Lithuania – 3. In the Christian Lithuania – 4. The Jews among Subjugated Peasant Peoples – 5. Insurrections, Liberation of Peasants, Prohibition of Lithuanian and Whiterussian Languages – 6. Lithuania, a Hostelry of Jewish Learning – 7. The Language Milieu of the Haskalah – 8. Litvaks the World Over – 9. Hopes for Good-Neighborly Relations among the Peoples of Lithuania – 10. The Split Lithuania – 11. Litvaks after the Destruction of the Lithuanian Jewry.

1. The Air of Lithuania – 2. The Interpretation of a “Cross-Head" (Tseilom-Kop) – 3. King Solomon Receives the Last Word – 4. And This is the Blessing.

1. Among My People I Live – 2. Not All of the Lithuanian Jews Talk Alike – 3. Common Peculiarities in the Sounds of all Colloquialisms – 4. The Notorious Confusion of S and Sh (Sabesdiker Losn) – 5. The Yiddish of Samogitia – 6. The Usual Lithuanian Yiddish – 7. The Yiddish of Suvlkija – 8. About the Origin of the Diversity of Colloquialisms – 9. The Grammatical Gender in our Usage – 10. More Idiosyncrasies in the Grammar of the Lithuanian Dialect – 11. The Vocabulary of the Lithuanian Yiddish – 12. Lithuanianisms in Yiddish – 13. Typical Proverbs of Our Localities.

Sholem Feigensohn – Jewish Women, His Mother; Mark Chagall – An Ethrog and Palm Branch Carrier, A Scroll Reader, A Preacher; J. Messenblum – A Lithuanian Jew; Max Band – A Laborer; Albert Rappoport – A Pauper-Wanderer; Sholem Feigensohn – A Village Pedlar, His Father, A Learner, Hermann Struck – A Porter, A Bricklayer, A Coachman.

Introductory – Hasidot and Misnagdot – The Gaon of Wilno and his Disciples – The Yeshibah of Volozhin – The Yeshibot of Mir and Eishishkai – The Medium Yeshibot – Learners in Synagogues – Rabbi Israel Salanter and the Musar-Movement – The Musar-Yeshibot of Slabodka (Viliampole) and Novogrodek.

1. Rabbi Joseph Zundl Salanter – 2. Rabbi Israel Salanter – 3. Rabbi Isaac Blazer.

1. Kaunas-Aleksotai – 2. How Simcha Zissl was Converted to Musar and his Disciple Nathan Hirsch– 3. Slabodka and Nehardea – 4. A Last Musar-Discourse.

The Forerunners of the Haskalah Movement – The First Champions of the Maskilim in Lithuania – The Haskalah in Lithuania in the Period of 1794 to 1830 – Jewish Printing Establishments in Lithuania – Prince Adam Czartoryski, the “Maskilizator” – Jews in the University of Wilno – Lithuania after 1812 – Haskalah in Lithuania in the Years 1824-1841 – The Officious Haskalah (1841-1873) – The Rabbinical Seminary of Wilno – The Situation After 1863 – The Ideological Strife – Haskalah-Literature.

1. Michel Gordon, the Poet – 2. Michel Gordon, the Man.

STATISTICS – INDUSTRY – COMMERCE – CRAFTSMANSHIP – TRADE GUILDS – PROFESSIONS – RURAL OCCUPATIONS – AGRICULTURE

I. The Increase and the National Status of the Population of Lithuania – II. The Jewish Population in Kovno Government for the Last Century – III. The Population Movement of the Lithuanian Jews – IV The Emigration of the Jews and Non-Jews – V. The Economic Development of the Kovno-Government and the Jewish Participation in it in the Middle of the 19th Century – VI. The Transition Period between Kovno-Government and Independent Country – VII. The Social Aspects of the Different Peoples in Independent Lithuania according to the Census of 1923 – VIII. The Economic Advancement of the Independent Lithunia – IX. The Economic Condition of the Jews in Independent Lithuania – X. Jewish Artisans in Independent Lithuania – XI. Jews in the Professions – XII. The Jewish Cooperative Movement.

His Parents and Youth – Settling in Shauliai – The Rise of his Tannery – New Tanning Chemicals – Our Shoe Factory – Shauliai, a World Center of Leather – Our Agents – The Productivity of the Leather Plant – Our Customers – Relatives – At Home and in the World – The First World War and After.

1. A Glimpse of History and Statistics – 2. Large Land Holdings (Estates) – 3. Village and Peasant Agriculture – 4. Near–Urban Farming – 5. Near–Urban Gardens and Orchards – 6. Household Farms.

Childhood Years – Kaunas, A Religious Jewish City – Benevolent Associations – Associations for the World Beyond – The Revolutionary Era – The “Bund” in Kaunas.

Pumpenai – Pasvalys – Panevezhys – Keidan [Kedainiai] – In Janova [Jonuva] – in Shirvint [Shirvintai] – In Tavrig [Taurage] – In Kovno (Kaunas).

My Desire to See Lithuania – Coachmen – Birzhai – Through Villages – Seeing Off Travelers to the U. S. A. and South Africa – The African Groom – A Glimpse at Pasvalys – Vashkai – Zheimelis – Kriukai – Shauliai – The “Directorius” Jonas – Gruzdzhiai – Papile.

First Visit – Second Visit – Pashvitinys – Linkuva – Vashkai – Shauliai.

Reb Itche of Baltushov – Reb Arele Shloime's – Reb Moishl of Vishtytis.

Introductory – The Centre – Labor – The Agricultural Cooperative “Kibush” (Conquest) – The District of the Cooperatives “Golil” (Galilee) – “To the Exile We Shall Not Return."

Social Activities – The Old Mode of Living – The Rabbi of Panevezhys – Maskilim and Revolutionaries – Deputy of the Duma (Parliament of Russia).

The Market-Place and the Pharmacy – Synagogues – The Town Pump – Rabbinate – Karaites – Jewish Writers – People's Intelligentsia – Organizations and Institutions – Our Common Towns.

This and That – The “Rebel” – Elijah Sarah-Mirra's – A Page of Gemara – Pinya The Dyer – Itzikl Business – Leibele “Nie Rush.”.

Introductory – Common People – “The Flirt” – Horse Traders – Types – Jesters of Raguva.

Mariampole – Vilkavishkis by Berl London – Telshai – Raseiniai by N. Ben-Chaim – Utena – Jonuva by Peisach Janever – Taurage – Birzhai by I. R. – Kedainiai by Ben-Alexander – Mazheikiai by Josephus – Rokishkis by Yudel Gapanovitch – Plunge by N. Rill – Jurbarkas – Lazdijai by I Dan – Anykshchiai – Zarasai – Kupishkis – Prienai – Zhagare – Kudirkos-Naumiestis by Z. Tumpovsky – Pandelis – Seredzhius by G-n – Seta – Balbierishkis – Chekishkis by R. K. – Gelvonai – Pushalotas – Veliuona – Shiaulenai by Ben-Daniel – Onushkis by L. B. E. – Rudamynas by Daniel Riback – Kuliai – Taujenai by A. Walt.

1. From the Beginning of the War to the Inclusion in the Ghetto – 2. The Time of the “Aktionen” – 3. The So-Called “Quiet” Period – 4. Recurrent “Aktionen,” Exile to Estonia, The Liquidation.

The First Massacres – The Tanneries – The Jews Forced into the Ghetto – The “Aktionen” – Aerodrome – The Hospital – The Public School – The “Werkstuben” (Workhouses) – The Reduction of the Ghetto Area – The Turf-Decree – August 20, 1942 – The List of the 27 – The Winter-Camps – Working Places Outside of the Ghetto – The Abolishing of the Currency System – Camps of 1943 – The Gallows – Reopening of the School – - The “Kasernierung” (Transfer to Barracks) – Children “Aktion” – The Rescued Children – Change in the Ghetto Administration – Camp A. B. A. – Evacuation from the Camps – Evacuation from the Ghetto of Shauliai – Foreign Camps of Panevezhys and Jonishkis – Extermination of the Jews of Tytuvenai – The Perishing Jews of Telshiai and Adjacent Alsedzhiai, Vevirzhenai, Varnel, Zharenai, Tverai, Luoke, Navarenai, Plunge, Plateliai, Rietava – Why No Renstance? – Our Annihilation and the Lithuanian Attitude.

Introductory – How the Jews Were Tortured to Death in Panevzhys – Atrocious Killings of the Jews in Mariampole – The Perishing of the Jews in Garleva, Pakonys, Veiveriai, Mavruchiai and Other Communities Near Kaunas – A Lithuanian Professor Repents.

1. Books and Articles of General Content – 2. Vilnius – 3. Kaunas – 4. Cities and Communities of Lithuania and its Neighboring Border Regions – 5. Resistance and the Partisan Movement – 6. Works of Literature and Folk-lore.