Translated by Yocheved Klausner

[Pages 281-284]
Introduction	Zoltán Singer	7
Ner Tamid [a memorial candle]	Simon Avineri (Weinstein)	11
Foreword (English and Hungarian)	Prof. R. L. Braham	13
The Jews of Dej and surroundings, their life and their destruction	Zoltan Singer	17
Ner Tamid [a memorial candle]	Avraham Keren	19
Foreword	Lázár Hegyesi	21
The Dej branch of the Paneth rabbis dynasty		30
I. Rabbi Menachem Mendel Paneth		31
II. Rabbi Mose [Moshe] Paneth		33
III. Rabbi Jechezkel Paneth		36
IV. Rabbi Jakov Elimelech Paneth		37
The community and its institutions until the deportation		40
The Community basic rules and regulations, 1922 edition (faximile)		41
Chevra Kadisha [the burial society]		43
Chevra Kadisha basic rules and regulations, 1857 edition, cover page (faximile)		44
The caftan lawsuit		49
Changes in the community rules, 1891 edition		53
The Community schools		54
Rosh Hashana greetings of the Jerusalem Kolel Ahavat Zion		61
The Transylvania Orthodox Congress in Dej		76
The 1922 Congress, article in the Uj Kelet newspaper (faximile)		76
Machzikei Torah [“the supporters of the Torah” - probably a study group]		80
Talmud Torah - Chevra Tiferet Bachurim		81
The Poalei Tzedek organization		82
The Family Tree [ Megilat Yachasim] of the Heller-Kahana family in his own handwriting (faximile)	Rabbi Yehezkel Paneth	86
Rabbi Jakob Elimelech in Palestine		88
The shoemakers' synagogue		90
The head of the religious court		91
The 1942 appeal of the Community		96
The community religious officers		99
Ritual slaughterers and supervisors		101
The Community general management		104
Synagogues and prayer houses: Talmud Torah, Machzikei Torah, Young men's Bet Hamidrash, R'Naftali Horowitz, R'Moshe Fülöp, The Zionists' synagogue, Rottenberg, the Bélahegy synagogue, Bujdosi Hirsch, the slaughterhouse synagogue, Hersch-Domokos, the Désanka synagogue		106
Yeshivas [Schools for advanced Torah and Talmud learning]		109
Heders [Torah schools for young children]		111
Special figures in the Jewish street		114
The social and cultural organizations and institutions		119
The Jewish women's charity organizations		119
The Jewish craftsmen self-aid organization		124
The Jewish bank		125
Orphan care		127
The Linat Tzedek sleeping facilities for the poor		128
A Kosher military kitchen		128
Matan Beseter charity fund		129
“Meva Szandikot”, a charity organization for the aid of poor families in organizing the brit mila (circumcision) of the newborn		129
O. S. [a Jewish health organization]		129
OMZSA [the Hungarian Jewish relief organization]		129
The cultural life of the Dej Jewry: institutions, publications, productions etc.		131
The Jewish social circles		131
Jewish personalities in Dej		136
“The Hungarian Jews at the Millenium” memorial album 1896 (faximile)	Dr. Náthán Friedländer	137
Dr. Friedlander's patriotic artile on the 1848 revolution, in the "Allgemeine Jiddische Zeitung” (faximile)		138
Economic and political life		159
The well-to-do Jews in the Szolnok-Doboka county		160
Jewish industry and commerce		161
Jewish trade and crafts in the Dej marketplace and neighboring streets		164
The political life		168
The Jews in Dej in the First World War		169
The Dej Jewish soldiers in the “Golden Album” of the Hungarian Jewish soldiers		170
The empire after the changes		177
The number of Jews in the Jewish communities of Szolnok-Doboka county, in the years 1857 - 1886 - 1891 - 1930 - 1944 - 1946		178
The establishment and activities of the Zionist organizations until the deportation		187
The establishment of the Dej local group of the Jewish National Organization [Zs. N. Sz.]		187
The first edition of Chayim Chadashim, the first Hebrew journal in Transylvania		189
The original request to authorize the opening of a Hebrew-learning course and its approval in 1919 (faximile)		190
The Kolozsvar [Cluj] chief rabbi Moshe Glazner on a visit to Dej (1920)		194
The list of members at the first Hungarian Zionist conference (faximile)		197
The inauguration of the first Hebrew kindergarten in Dej (1921)		199
The Barisszia organization		200
The Aviva organization		201
“Hebrew exams at the Aviva organization in Dej” - an article in the Uj Kelet newspaper (faximile)		205
WIZO		209
The election of the local officers of the Jewish National Organization [Zs. N. Sz.] 1928		211
The Beitar organization		212
The election of the local officers of the Jewish National Organization [Zs. N. Sz.] 1931		215
The Keren Avraham fund		216
Excerpts from the Temesvar (Timisoara) weekly Uj-Kor (1934)		218
Excerpts from the Dej newspaper Uj-Kor (1935)		219
Excerpts from the Dej newspaper Uj-Kor (1936)		223
Hapo'el Hamizrachi organization		226
Tze'irei & Tze'irot Mizrachi		229
Benei Akiva		229
Hapo'el Hadati		230
Torah Umelacha Atzma'i		231
Hashomer Hatza'ir		231
Benei Avoda		232
Hanoar Hazioni		235
Ha'oved Hazioni		235
Dror Habonim		235
The election of the local officers of the Jewish National Organization [Zs. N. Sz.] 1936		236
Maccabi		237
The election of the local officers of the Jewish National Organization [Zs. N. Sz.] 1937		237
Excerpts from the Dej newspaper Uj Kor (1937)		239
Excerpts from the Temesvár (Timişoara) newspaper Uj Kor (1938)		242
The last election of the local officers of the Jewish National Organization [Zs. N. Sz.] 1941		244
The history of the 110/34 forced-labor unit		245
Bethlen		246
Somkerék		247
Gomel		251
Staryoskol		253
Male-Bikovo		255
Novo-Uspenka		257
Pieti-Lepka		259
Beograd		264
Krasnoceska		267
Dorosics		269
Korosteni		272
Berdicsev		273
Yizkor		276
List of dead of the century		277
Sándor Majer, the benefactor of the century		279
[Pages 681-683]
The Jews of Bethlen and surroundings, their life and their destruction	Dr. Andor Fried	289
Ner Tamid [a memorial candle]	Mordechai Lichtenstein	291
Foreword	Miksa Fried	293
Introduction		296
Description of the place		297
Documents of Jewish history		299
The Bethlen rabbis		301
The institutions and the leaders of the community		307
The Bethlen Jewish soldiers		309
The way to the Jewish national awakening		316
The Zionist youth		320
The activity of the Zionist women		322
Jewish movements and the shift towards left-wing movements		322
The dramatic changes in the life of the Bethlen Jewry		323
Tribute to Some of the Larger Townships that Belonged to Bethlen District		327
Ispánmezö [Spermezeu, Romania]		327
Somkerék		329
Apanagyfalu		330
Várkudu		331
The Jews of Magyarlápos [Tîrgu Lăpuş, Romania] and surroundings, their life and their destruction	Géza Nemes	333
Ner Tamid [a memorial candle]	Rabbi Asher Pollak	335
Preface	Karl Lázár	337
First Jewish Settlers in the community		339
The rabbis of Magyarlápos - The Jewish Community from its Creation Until Deportation		341
The Jewish Community of Magyarlápos and its Associations		344
The Chevra Kadisha [burial siciety]		348
The Ritual Bath		350
The Talmud-Torah		350
Jewish soldiers of Magyarlápos		352
Community Associations and Institutions in Magyarlápos		355
Gemilat Cheszed		356
Poale Cedek		356
Women's Charitable Association		357
The Economic and Political Situation of Magyarlápos		358
Activities of the Magyarlápos Zionist Organization		361
Ghettoization and Deportation		364
The Jews of Retteg and surroundings, their life and their destruction	Alexander Mátyás	367
Ner Tamid [a memorial candle]/td>	Mendel Farkas	369
Foreword	Dr. Izrael Legmann	371
Introduction: The first Jewish residents		373
Rabbis and Yeshivot		375
The community institutions		376
The Jewish soldiers of Retteg		379
Mohalim (circumcisers), melamdim (teachers) and synagogue attendants		380
Social institutions		381
The zionist life, Aliya and cultural activity		382
Economic, commercial and social activity		386
The ghetto and deportation		388
The surroundings		390
The Jews of Nagylonda and surroundings, their life and their destruction	Dr. Alexander Friedman	391
Ner Tamid [a memorial candle]	Moshe Herschkovits	393
Foreword	Cvi [Zvi] Hecht	395
The Jewish settlement in Nagylonda		397
The community and its institutions		402
Personalities		403
The Ghetto and the deportation		406
The Holocaust	Zoltán Singer	409
The Ghetto and the deportation. 19 March 1944		411
The yellow band, the yellow star		415
The list of the deportees		418
The Ghetto		421
The Ghetto of the Bungur forest		426
“The Mint”		433
Escapes from the Ghetto		435
Map of the Ghetto		436
From Bungur to Auschwitz		446
Auschwitz		451
Yizkor		461
“El Male Rahamim” and the deportation dates		462
Martyrs of the town Dej		463
Martyrs of the Dej surroundings		519
[Dej memorial pages]		525
Martyrs of Bethlen		543
Martyrs of the Bethlen surroundings		549
Martyrs of Magyarlápos and surroundings		557
Martyrs of the Retteg village		571
Martyrs of Retteg surroundings		575
Martyrs of the Nagyilonda village		579
Martyrs of Nagyilonda surroundings martyrs		583
The communities after the liberation		591
The arrival of Russian units		593
Exhuming the dead		594
The JOINT		599
The Jewish democratic groups		599
Memorials to the deportees		602
Rebuilding the Jewish economy		606
Restoring the Zionist movements		608
Rebuilding the Jewish communities		611
Rosh Hashana [New Year] 5728 (1967)		614
Bethlen		616
Magyarlápos		619
Retteg		622
Nagyilonda		624
Words of farewell		626
19th century born, who survived and were liberated from the Auschwitz hell		629
Des and its Surrounding Region in Israel		633
The memorial committee in Haifa		635
The 19th memorial service		638
Present Leadership of Des and its Surrounding Region's Landsmannschaft		641
The memorial book		644
The first issue of the Dej and surroundings newspaper		645
The second issue of the Dej and surroundings newspaper		648
Pictures taken on the occasion of the 22nd Azkara		653
Pictures taken on the occasion of the 25th Azkara		656
Our dead martyrs		659
Jicchak [Yitzhak] Buchbinder		661
Mordechai Hirsch		662
Yehuda Rados		663
Israel Czikk		664
Arje Glozer		665
Jicchak [Yitzhak] Godel		666
Cvia [Zvia] Siló		667
Dov Hochstadt		668
The Jewish spirit of Dej is alive in Israel		669
Epilogue		673
The last pages of the memorial book		675
Bibliography		680

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