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Translation of
Brzezany, Narajow ve-ha-seviva; toldot kehilot she-nehrevu
Edited by: Menachem Katz, Haifa, Brzezany-Narajow Societies in Israel and the United States
Published in 1978
Our sincere appreciation to Yad Vashem
for the submission of the necrology for placement on the JewishGen web site.
Project Coordinator
Ruth Yoseffa Erez (emerita)
This is a translation from: Brzezany, Narajow ve-ha-seviva; toldot kehilot she-nehrevu (Brzezany Memorial Book),
JewishGen, Inc. makes no representations regarding the accuracy of
the translation. The reader may wish to refer to the original material
for verification.
JewishGen is not responsible for inaccuracies or omissions in the original work and cannot rewrite or edit the text to correct inaccuracies and/or omissions.
Our mission is to produce a translation of the original work and we cannot verify the accuracy of statements or alter facts cited.
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Editor''s Note | Arch. Katz Menachem | 10 |
Introduction | 11 | |
The City and its Surrounding | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 13 |
The City's Surrounding | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 14 |
The History of the Brzezany Jewish Community from the Establishment of the Town till the End of the 19th Century |
The Late Dr. N.M. Gelber | 20 |
From the End of the 19th Century until 1920 | Dr. E. Shaklai | 28 |
The First World War. The Years 1914 1920 | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 32 |
The Community Committee | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 36 |
Towards the Change | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 37 |
The Zionist Movement Chapter | ||
The Zionist Movement | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 40 |
Keren Kayemet Le'Israel [Jewish National Fund] | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 42 |
Keren Hayesod [United Israel Appeal] | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 44 |
Ezra [Help] | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 45 |
Tzeirei Zion [Zion Youth] | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 46 |
Union of Zionist University Graduates | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 46 |
HaShomer [The Watchman] | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 46 |
Union of Miriam's Girls' students | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 47 |
The Union of HaShakar [The Dawn] | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 47 |
Poaley Tzion [Worker of Zion] Movement | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 47 |
HeKhalutz [the Pioneer] | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 48 |
First Group Makes Aliyah | Moshe Glazer, Menakhem Katz-Grad | 49 |
HaShomer HaTzair [The Young Guard] | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 54 |
The first summer camp | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 57 |
The Tkhiya group | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 58 |
Memories Chapter | Batya Boneh-Prizand | 60 |
HaShomer HaTzair (1926 1932) | Dov Glazer | 62 |
HaShomer HaTzair The Departure | Z. Osrover | 65 |
The History HaMizrakhi Movement in Brzezany | Dov (Dow) Knohl | 66 |
HaNoar HaTzioni [The Zionist Youth] | Lawyer M. Meiblum | 72 |
The HaNoar HaTzion [The Zionist Youth] Branch | Bela Feld-Danieli | 74 |
Beita'r Movement in Brzezany | Shimon Bleiberg, David Fas, and Shlomo Riger | 76 |
Hebrew School | Dr. Mentsakh, Eng. Tishler | 80 |
Mizrakhi School | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 84 |
Kindergarten | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 84 |
Hakhshara Kibbutzim | Arch. Menakhem Katz | 85 |
Between the Two World Wars | ||
The Economic Situation | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 88 |
The Trade | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 92 |
Academics in Government Positions | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 93 |
Physicians | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 93 |
Pharmacists | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 94 |
Lawyers | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 94 |
Engineers | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 95 |
Craftsmen | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 95 |
World War II | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 96 |
Culture and Way of Life | ||
The Drama Club - Yidishe Kunst [Yiddish Art] | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 106 |
The Musical-Dramatic Union Yidishe Kunst [Jewish Art] in Brzezany | Moshe Bar-David (Dawid) | 107 |
A Purim Meal | Moshe Bar David (David, Dawid) | 120 |
Brzezany Strange Characters (Eccentrics) | Moshe Bar-David (David, Dawid) | 123 |
Z.K.S - The Jewish Athletes Club | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 126 |
The Craftsmen organization Yad Kharutzim [Diligent Hand] | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 128 |
The People House Natzional Hauz | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 129 |
The Orphanage | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 130 |
Charity and Mutual Aid Institutes | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 132 |
Educational Institutes | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 134 |
Anti-Semitism in the High School, The Zvirski Affair | Shlomo Doron-Dorfman | 134 |
Teachers State Seminary in Brzezany | Batya Boneh-Prizand | 136 |
Brzezany | Tzvi Scharfstein | 137 |
Khevra Kadisha [Burial Society] The Bed Carriers | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz/td> | 143 |
The Cemetery | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 144 |
My Father's Home | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 146 |
My Family's Story | Pnina Shaklai | 148 |
I Remember Shabbat at Home | Rivka Tomarkin-Shapira | 150 |
Memories from my Parents' Home | Tzipora Rozner | 151 |
In Memory of My Father, Yossef Kalman, the Pioneer | Israel-Karmel (Kalman) | 153 |
Figures and Personalities | ||
Rabbi Shalom Mordechai Hacohen Schwadron of Blessed Memory | Dr. E. Shaklai | 156 |
Brzezany's Rabbis | Rabbi Meir Wonder | 161 |
The family of the Halperin Rabbis | Moshe Bar-David | 168 |
The Nathanzon family | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 170 |
Rabbi Aharon Bar Yehuda HaLevi | Dr. Israel Mehlman | 172 |
The Rabbi, Dr. Margaliot Shmuel Zvi | Dov (Dow) Knohl | 178 |
The Rabbi, Dr. Leo (Leib Hirsch) Berdowicz | Arch. Katz Menachem | 179 |
The Rabbi, Dr. Yehuda Bergman | Arch. Katz Menachem | 180 |
The Rabbi, Yehuda Leibale Roze' | Bar-Dawid Moshe | 181 |
The Prayer possessor Wawa Zeev Direnfeld | Bar-Dawid Moshe | 183 |
Dr. Falk Bernard | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 184 |
Dr. Chaim Edmond Wilner | Bar-Dawid Moshe | 186 |
Dr. Aryeh Feld | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 186 |
Dr. Moshe Shumar | Motek Rozenzweig | 187 |
Dr. Shlomo Glaser | Dov Glaser | 190 |
Ozer Roth The Zionist who fulfills his dream | Rivka Cohen Roth | 192 |
Shlomo Redlich | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 195 |
Binyamin Te'eni | Erica Ilan Te'eni | 198 |
Yoshe (Yosef) Ast The Book-Seller | Moshe Bar-David | 200 |
Yechiel Pelz | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 201 |
Rabbi Moshe Shpizen's doings | Avraham Charap zl | 202 |
Rabbi Efraim Zalman Margaliot | Avraham Charap zl | 204 |
Rabbi Leibush Perlmuter and Rabbi Avraham Lukman | Paulin Lukman | 206 |
Rabbi Shlomo Prisand | Batya Bone Prisand | 207 |
Yosef Ben Meir Yehuda Streisand | Judith Kahn-Streisand | 209 |
Michael Kara (Karon) | Gazit magazine, volume 26 | 211 |
The actor Hersh Tunis | Bar-Dawid Moshe | 213 |
Leon Shpezer | Bar-Dawid Moshe | 213 |
The Teacher (Melamed) Rabbi Yasha Fishlis | Bar-Dawid Moshe | 214 |
Dr. Avraham Helbertal | Bar-Dawid Moshe | 215 |
The Synagogues in Brzezany | ||
Forward | Menakhem Katz | 220 |
The Great Synagogue | architect Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 221 |
Rabbi Yudel's Synagogue | Menakhem Katz | 232 |
The Built Beit HaMidrash | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 242 |
The Cantor's Beit HaMidrash | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 244 |
The Old (Alte) Stratyner Kloiz | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 245 |
The Kloiz of the Chortkobver Hasidim | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 246 |
Life at the Kloiz | Dov Knohl | 247 |
The Synagogue - Yad Kharutzim [Dilligent Hand] | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 250 |
Rabbi Mendeleh's Synagouge | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 251 |
The Poiker Kleizel | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 251 |
Rozolover Kloiz | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 252 |
Ya'ir's [Jair] Kloizle | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 252 |
Other Prayer Places in Town | Menakhem son of Shimon Katz | 253 |
The Holocaust | ||
Time of Nazi rule | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 260 |
Blood Libel | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 261 |
The Judenrat | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 265 |
The Transfers Affair | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 269 |
he Jewish Militia Ordnungsdinst | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 269 |
The Working Group for the Kreishauptmann | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 270 |
The Aktion[1] in Litatyn Forests December 1941 | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 271 |
Order to Jews to Give Away Furs | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 274 |
The Typhus Aktions | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 274 |
Arbeitsamt - Employment Bureau | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 275 |
Labor Camps | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 276 |
Methods of Catching People to Labor Camps | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 283 |
Jewish Militiamen as a [German] Tool and as a Human Being | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 284 |
Preparations for the Final Solution - Spring 1942 | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 287 |
Reorganization of the Judenrat | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 288 |
Transferring the Jews from the Villages to the City | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 290 |
The Period of Passover 1942 | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 292 |
Hideouts Bunkers | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 293 |
Women Leave for the Jagielnica Camp | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 299 |
Aktsia for Converted Jews | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 299 |
Alternatives to Hideouts | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 300 |
The News About Belzec | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 301 |
The Days of Awe | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 303 |
Yom Kippur of 5703 [1942] | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 303 |
The First Aktsia to Belzec | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 305 |
Testimonies of Eyewitnesses | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 308 |
An Opening to Life | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 313 |
The Destruction after the Aktsia | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 314 |
The Road to the Total Extermination - and the Struggle Against it | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 316 |
The Ghetto | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 317 |
The Second Aktsia to Belzec | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 321 |
Towards the Winter | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 323 |
My Fight for the Typhus Sick | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 324 |
Hanukah's aktion - 1942 | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 328 |
Our Situation in the Ghetto and our Struggle leading up to the Ghetto Liquidation | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 329 |
The Milk Aktsia and Others | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 330 |
The Last Aktsia Before the Ghetto Liquidation | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 331 |
The Orphan Girls and the Locked Gate | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 333 |
The Gestapo's Divide and Conquer Method | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 334 |
The Barrack | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 335 |
The Last Dance | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 336 |
The Last Aktsia - the Ghetto Liquidation. Judenrein | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 337 |
After the ghetto liquidation | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 339 |
The Soviets Rule Again | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 342 |
The End of the War | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 344 |
I Leave Town | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 344 |
The Final Way | Menakhem son of Shim'on Katz | 345 |
The Will of the Pohoriles Family | Peleg-Marianska | 365 |
Memories from the Ghetto | Dr. Shimon Redlikh | 367 |
Forced Labor Camp Kamionka | Meir Tuller | 370 |
A Father and a Son Together in a Camp | Moshe Bar David | 373 |
Remember | Moshe Bar David | 377 |
About the Community's Memorialization | Elisha Oren | 378 |
Remember [Zakhor]! | Dr. Eliezer Shaklai | 379 |
Izkor | 381 | |
Brzezany's Martyrs List | Arch. Katz Menachem | 382 |
The Names of Brzezany Natives Who Died in Israel | Arch. Katz Menachem | 409 |
Fallen Soldiers in Israel's Wars | Arch. Katz Menachem | 420 |
The Narajow Book | ||
Narajow My town | Zehava Shmushkin (Hertz) | 424 |
Memories from My town Narajow | Israel Ne'eman | 431 |
The Zionist youth movement in Narajow | P. Zletkes, C. Kvodi | 434 |
To Narajow's character and remembrance | P. Zletkes | 437 |
My Village Narajow | Aryeh Goldschlag | 439 |
The author Moyshe Nadir | Bar-Dawid Moshe | 441 |
Narajow | Moyshe Nadir | 442 |
Homeland, My Homeland | Moyshe Nadir | 443 |
Narajow's Rabbis | Rabbi Meir Wonder | 444 |
About the Rabbinate affair in Narajow | Israel Ne'eman | 446 |
Rabbi Zvi Yehoshua Grosswax | Israel Ne'eman | 447 |
My happenings during the Nazi occupation | Chana Roten (Lushk) | 450 |
The Avenging Jew Yankel (Yankale) Fenger | Rina Zlatkes (Rozenblat) | 452 |
Memories of my life under German rule | Ben Noyman, Chana Kvodi | 454 |
Narajow's Martyrs List | 458 | |
List of those who died in Israel | 468 | |
Association of Former Brzezany Residents | Manachem Katz | 5 |
Brzezany, the Town | 8 |
Footnote
We would like to thank from the bottom of our hearts those who helped, in action or with information, to fulfill this memorialization project.
My appreciation and thankfulness go to our friend Menachem Katz, who donated his time for years to bring this book to a successful completion, and to his helpers: Shimon Katz and Zafna Bekin and to Mr. Oren Elyashiv, principal of Hadera's highschool and Mr. Morris Forkile, for their willingness to give a helping hand to this holy project.
May they all be blessed.In the name of the committee
Dr. Eliezer (WagshaI) Shaklai
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